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七擒七纵的故事_成语七擒七纵的出处和典故-<br /> <b>Warning</b>: Use of undefined constant sitename - assumed 'sitename' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in <b>/www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext39.php</b> on line <b>13</b><br /> 怎祝网

七擒七纵的成语故事


七擒七纵

拼音qī qín qī zòng

基本解释三国时,诸葛亮出兵南方,将当地酋长孟获捉住七次,放了七次,使他真正服输,不再为敌。比喻运用策略,使对方心服。

出处晋 陈寿《三国志 蜀志 诸葛亮传》:“亮率众南征,其秋悉平。”裴松之注引《汉晋春秋》:“亮笑,纵使更战,七纵七擒,而亮犹遣获。”



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七擒七纵的典故

公元225年,蜀汉丞相诸葛亮为了巩固后方,率领军队南征。正当大功告成准备撤兵的时候,南方彝族的首领孟获,纠集了被打败的散兵来袭击蜀军。

诸葛亮得知,孟获不但作战勇敢,意志坚强,而且待人忠厚,在彝族中极得人心,就是汉族中也有不少人钦佩他,因此决定把他争取过来。

孟获虽然勇敢,但不善于用兵。第一次上阵,见蜀兵败退下去,就以为蜀兵不敌自己,不顾一切地追上去,结果闯进埋伏圈被擒。孟获认定自己要被诸葛亮处死,因此对自己说,死也要死得像个好汉,不能丢人。不料诸葛亮亲自给他松绑,好言劝他归顺。孟获不服这次失败,傲慢地加以拒绝。谙葛亮也不勉强他,而是陪他观看已经布置过的军营,之后特意问他:“你看这军营布置得怎么样?”

孟获观看得很仔细,他发现军营里都是些老弱残兵,便直率他说:“以前我不知道你们虚实,给你赢了一次,现在看了你们的军营,如果就是这样子,要赢你并不难!”

诸葛亮也不作解释,笑了笑就放孟获回去。他料定盂获今晚准来偷营,当即布置好埋伏。

孟获回去后,得意洋洋地对手下人说,蜀军都是些老弱残兵,军营的布置情况也已经看清楚,没有什么了不起的,今夜三更去劫营,定能逮住诸葛亮。

当天夜里,孟获挑选了五百名刀斧手,悄悄地摸进蜀军大营,什么阻挡也没有。孟获暗暗高兴,以为成功在即,不料蜀军伏兵四起,孟获又被擒住。

孟获接连被擒,再也不敢鲁莽行事了。他带领所有人马退到沪水南岸,只守不攻。蜀兵到了沪水,没有船不能过去,天气又热,困难重重。”诸葛亮下令造了一些木筏子和竹筏子,一面派少量士兵假装渡河,但到了河心一碰到对岸射来的箭立即退回来,随后再去渡河;一面将大军分成两路,绕到上游和下游的狭窄处,渡过河去包围孟获据守的上城。后来,孟获又被擒住。

孟获虽然第三次被擒,但他仍然不服气。诸葛亮还是不杀他;款待他后又放他回去。将士中有人对诸葛亮的这种做法不理解,认为他对孟获大仁慈宽大了,诸葛亮向大家解释说:“我军要彻底平定南方,必须重用孟获这样的人。要是他能心悦诚服地联络南人报效朝廷,就能抵得上十万大军。你们现在辛苦些,以后就不必再到这里来打仗了。”

孟获这次被擒又释放后,下决心不再跟蜀兵作战。但时间一长。营里快断粮了,他派人向诸葛亮借粮,诸葛亮同意了,但要孟获亲自出来,与蜀军大将一对一比武。孟获接连打败了几名蜀将,但刚到大堆粮食旁,被绊马索绊倒被擒。蜀将当即传达请葛亮的命令,让盂获回去,并把粮食搬走。

在这种情况下,孟获终于从心里佩服诸葛亮。为了让各部族都归顺蜀国,他把各部族首领请来,带着他们一起上阵。结果又被蜀兵引进埋伏圈,一网打尽。蜀营里传出话来,让孟获等回去,不少部首领请孟获作主,究竟怎么办。孟获流着眼泪说:“作战中七纵七擒(即六次放回七次逮住),自古以来没有听说过。丞相对我们仁至义尽,我没有脸再回去了。”


更多成语出处和典故


※ 与(七擒七纵)相关的成语及历史出处:

成语 历史出处

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妄自尊大

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南朝 宋 范晔《后汉书 马援传》:“子阳井底蛙耳,而妄自尊大,不如专意东方。”

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痛定思痛

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唐 韩愈《与李翱书》:“今而思之,如痛定之人,思当痛之时,不知何能自处也。”

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处之泰然

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先秦 孔子《论语 雍也》:“子曰:‘贤哉!回也!一箪食,一瓢饮,在陋巷,人不堪其忧。”宋 朱熹注:“颜子之贫如此,而处之泰然,不以害其乐。”

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论黄数白

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明·丘濬《投笔记·投笔空回》:“笑弩骀言不逊,论黄数白不堪听。”

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香草美人

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汉·王逸《离骚序》:“《离骚》之文,依《诗》取兴,引类譬谕,故善鸟、香草、以配忠贞,……灵修、美人,以譬于君。”

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遁入空门

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清 曹雪芹《红楼梦》第五回:“看破的,遁入空门,我听见,并不惊异。”

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燕雀安知鸿鹄之志

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《史记·陈涉世家》:“嗟呼,燕雀安知鸿鹄之志哉?”

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下临无地

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唐·王勃《滕王阁序》:“飞阁流丹,下临无地。”

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指天誓日

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唐 韩愈《柳子厚墓志铭》:“指天日涕泣,誓生死不相背负,其若可信。”

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著手成春

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唐·司空图《二十四诗品·自然》:“俯拾即是,不取诸邻,俱道适往,著手成春。如逢花开,如瞻岁新。”