经行岚州
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唐代]：杜审言
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北地春光晚，边城气候寒。
往来花不发，新旧雪仍残。
水作琴中听，山疑画里看。
自惊牵远役，艰险促征鞍。
经行岚州鉴赏
诗人所在的隰城县距岚州不是很远，但岚州的西、北、南三面皆有山，比隰城高寒。诗人两次经过岚州的时间都是春天，去时约在阴历二月底，返时大概是三月初。三月底隰城一带已是杏红柳绿，三月初也已桃李芬芳。而同期的岚州却仍冬意萧索花树皆未发。所以诗的首联说：“北地春光晚，边城气候寒”，北地，指当时的河东道的北面地方，边城指岚州城。这里春天来得迟，料峭春寒如同暮冬气象。
颔联“往来花不发，新旧雪仍残”，是篇中写景的名句。这联诗的妙处在于容量大，意象丰富。它以生动的形象确切地描述了岚州的“春光晚”和“气候寒”。“往来”、“新旧”，细致入微地表现了时间的变化和空间的层次。“往”“来”两个动词连用作时间副词，既点出了诗人往返行程又表现出时空的跨度。“新”“旧”两个形容词连用，既再次点明往返的季节又真实形象地记录了雪景环境。“花不发”，是芽苞欲萌，还是含苞待放呢？这给读者留下驰骋想象的空间。“雪仍残”也同样耐人寻味，冰雪正在消融，还是尚未消融？任由读者想象。这毕竟是岚州特有的景象，但又不是不可捉摸的，“来往”是写诗人的活动，“花不发”是诗人往来时的观察。其中便暗寓了比较。这比较是与诗人所出发之地及所返回之地隰城的比较，从这联诗可以体会到诗人以少胜多的深厚笔力。
颈联描摹岚州山水的可爱，“水作琴中听，山疑画里看”，流水淙淙，清音若琴声，白雪皑皑，山如画的一般。这景色已足以悦耳怡目，然而“水作琴中听”，又唤起人们的艺术联想，产生了伯牙弹琴的意境：巍巍乎高山，汤汤乎流水！怡人心神，荡除烦嚣。这也许就是诗人所感触的美的所在。
在这高山流水的境界里，诗人似乎忘掉了一切凡尘琐事，但转瞬之间，他又意识到自己有公务在身，不可贪赏山水久逗留。因此尾联说：“自惊牵远役，艰险促征鞍”。诗人怀着惋惜与赞叹的心情，扬鞭催马，继续行进在艰险的山路上。
杜审言是善于发现美、表现美的人，凡是他到过的地方无不对之产生美感，无论是北国、南荒、江左、中原，祖国的大地山河在他的笔下都异彩纷呈，各自显现出独特的美来。就是边城岚州，诗人也把它写得美丽动人。诗人通过这些诗歌表现出对祖国山河深挚的热爱。
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杜审言《
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除夜有怀》
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殷尧藩《
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潭州席上赠舞柘枝妓》
杜审言简介
唐代·杜审言的简介
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杜审言（约645-708），字必简，汉族，中国唐朝襄州襄阳人，是大诗人杜甫的祖父。唐高宗咸亨进士，唐中宗时，因与张易之兄弟交往，被流放峰州（今越南越池东南）。曾任隰城尉、洛阳丞等小官，累官修文馆直学士，少与李峤、崔融、苏味道齐名，称“文章四友”，是唐代“近体诗”的奠基人之一，作品多朴素自然。其五言律诗，格律谨严。
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