同声歌
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两汉]:张衡
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邂逅承际会,得充君后房。
情好新交接,恐栗若探汤。
不才勉自竭,贱妾职所当。
绸缪主中馈,奉礼助蒸尝。
思为苑蒻席,在下蔽匡床。
愿为罗衾帱,在上卫风霜。
洒扫清枕席,鞮芬以狄香。
重户结金扃,高下华灯光。
衣解巾粉御,列图陈枕张。
素女为我师,仪态盈万方。
众夫希所见,天老教轩皇。
乐莫斯夜乐,没齿焉可忘。
同声歌译文及注释
译文
女子和男子的故事始于一次邂逅,因为这样的机会,有幸成为他的妻室。虽然与丈夫感情很好,但毕竟是新妇,在丈夫家中仍不免有诫惧之心。但她还是决定尽力扮演好她在家庭中的角色,她愿意成为男方家族的一员,获得正式地位。整顿好仪表去主管厨中飨客的菜肴,并主持冬秋的祭祀。夜晚来临,重重门户次第关闭,她进入了自己和丈夫的新房。她很贤惠地把枕席清扫干净,并用狄香为丈夫熏鞋。之后解衣就寝,按规定的样式为丈夫整顿床铺。出嫁之后,再不能像以往那样任性,天上的仙女仪态端庄,她要以仙女为师,并像天老辅助黄帝那样,辅助自己的丈夫,做好家里的事。遇到了满意的夫君,如此幸福,她感受到了前所未有的欢乐,一辈子也忘不了和丈夫共度的时光。
注释
际会:机遇。
得充:能够。
后房:妻子。
探汤:把手伸进滚开的水中,这里比喻诫惧之意。
绸缪:系好衣服的带结。比喻整顿好仪表。
主中馈:主管厨中飨客的菜肴。
蒸尝:祭祀。冬天祭祀叫蒸,秋天祭祀叫尝。
苑蒻(ruò):细嫩的蒲草,可以做成席子。
匡床:方正安适的床。
罗衾帱:绸做的被子。帱,床帐。鞮(dī):古代一种皮制的鞋。狄香:外国来的香料。素女:天上的仙女。天老:皇帝的辅臣。轩皇:指黄帝。
同声歌鉴赏
“同声歌”,有“同声相应”之意。这首诗写女子自幸得嫁给令她满意的丈夫,表示愿意尽妇职,希望能够与丈夫长久恩爱。
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张衡《
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同声歌》
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李白《
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白头吟》
张衡简介
唐代·张衡的简介
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张衡(78-139),字平子,汉族,南阳西鄂(今河南南阳市石桥镇)人,我国东汉时期伟大的天文学家、数学家、发明家、地理学家、制图学家、文学家、学者,在汉朝官至尚书,为我国天文学、机械技术、地震学的发展作出了不可磨灭的贡献。由于他的贡献突出,联合国天文组织曾将太阳系中的1802号小行星命名为“张衡星”。
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