舟中读元九诗
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唐代]：白居易
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把君诗卷灯前读，诗尽灯残天未明。
眼痛灭灯犹闇坐，逆风吹浪打船声。
舟中读元九诗译文及注释
译文
把你的诗卷在灯前看，诗读完了灯也快灭了而天还没有亮。
看诗看到眼睛痛，熄灭了灯还在黑暗中坐着，逆风吹着浪花拍打着小船。
注释
元九：即元稹，白居易的朋友。
把：拿。
残：残留，也可指剩下不多。
犹：还。闇（àn）：同“暗”。一作“暗”。
逆风：迎风，顶风，与顺风相对。
舟中读元九诗创作背景
此诗写于作者被贬江州途中。唐宪宗元和十年公（815年），宰相武元衡遇刺身死，白居易上书要求严缉凶手，因此得罪权贵，被贬为江州司马。在这寂寞的谪戌旅途中，他想念那早五个月远谪通州的好朋友元稹。在漫长水途中，一个深秋的夜晚写下了这首《舟中读元九诗》。
参考资料：
1、赖汉屏 等 ．唐诗鉴赏辞典 ．上海 ：上海辞书出版社 ，1983 ：895-896 ．
舟中读元九诗鉴赏
这首小诗，字面上“读君诗”，主题是“忆斯人”，又由“斯人”的遭际飘零，转见自己“同是天涯沦落人”的感慨，诗境一转一深，一深一痛。“眼痛灭灯犹暗坐”，已经读了大半夜了，天也快要亮了，诗人还要“暗坐”，不肯就寝。读者自然而然要想到：由于想念微之，更想起坏人当道，朝政日非，因而，满腔汹涌澎湃的感情，使得他无法安枕。此刻，他兀坐在一个小船内。船下江中，不断翻卷起狂风巨浪；心头眼底，像突然展现一幅大千世界色彩黯淡的画图。这风浪，变成了“逆风吹浪打船声”；这是一幅富有象征意义的画图，悲中见愤，熔公义私情于一炉，感情复杂，容量极大。
凄苦，是这首小诗的基调。这种凄苦之情，通过“灯残”、“诗尽”、“眼痛”、“暗坐”这些词语所展示的环境、氛围、色彩，已经渲染得十分浓烈了，对读者形成一种沉重的压力。到“眼痛灭灯犹暗坐”，压力简直大到了超过人所能忍受的程度。突然又传来一阵阵“逆风吹浪打船声”，像塞马悲鸣，胡笳呜咽，一起卷入读者的耳里、心中。这声音里，充满了悲愤不平的感情。读诗至此，自然要坐立不安，像韩愈听颖师鼓琴时那样：“推手遽止之，湿衣泪滂滂”了。诗的前三句蓄势，于叙事中抒情；后一句才哗然打开感情的闸门，让激浪涡流咆哮奔鸣而下，让乐曲终止在最强音上，收到了“四弦一声如裂帛”的最强烈的音乐效果。
这首小诗在音律上还有另一个特点。向来，诗家最忌“犯复”，即一诗中不宜用重复的字，小诗尤其如此。这首绝句，却一反故常，四句中三用“灯”字。但是，此诗读起来，丝毫不感重复，只觉得较之常作更为自然流泻。原来，诗人以这个灯字作为一根穿起一串明珠的彩线，在节律上形成一句紧连一句的效果，使感情层层加深：掌灯夜读，足见思念之切；读至灯残，说明思念之久；灭灯暗坐，表明思念之深之苦。音节蝉连，委婉曲折，如金蛇盘旋而下，加强了表达的力量。
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高启《
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明皇秉烛夜游图》
白居易简介
唐代·白居易的简介
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白居易（772年－846年），字乐天，号香山居士，又号醉吟先生，祖籍太原，到其曾祖父时迁居下邽，生于河南新郑。是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，唐代三大诗人之一。白居易与元稹共同倡导新乐府运动，世称“元白”，与刘禹锡并称“刘白”。白居易的诗歌题材广泛，形式多样，语言平易通俗，有“诗魔”和“诗王”之称。官至翰林学士、左赞善大夫。公元846年，白居易在洛阳逝世，葬于香山。有《白氏长庆集》传世，代表诗作有《长恨歌》、《卖炭翁》、《琵琶行》等。
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