河渎神·风紧雁行高
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清代]：纳兰性德
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风紧雁行高，无边落木萧萧。楚天魂梦与香消，青山暮暮朝朝。
断续凉云来一缕，飘堕几丝灵雨。今夜冷红浦溆，鸳鸯栖向何处？
河渎神·风紧雁行高译文及注释
译文
秋风萧瑟，卷起漫天落叶，大雁向着南方高飞。我们的爱情匆匆开始，又匆匆结束，徒然留下无尽的相思。
偶然飘来一朵凉云，洒下几点雨，不由令人记挂起那生着红草的水滨，鸳鸯今夜该向哪里栖宿？
注释
河渎神：词牌名，唐教坊曲名，双调四十九字，上片二十四字，四句四平韵，下片二十五字，四句四仄韵，亦有通首押平韵者。
无边：这里是描绘了一幅深秋的景色。
楚天：《文选·宋玉高唐赋序》云：“昔者楚襄王与宋玉游于云梦之台，望高唐之观，其上独有云气，崪兮直上，忽兮改容，须臾之间，变化无穷。王问玉曰：‘此何气也？’玉对曰：‘所谓朝云者也。’王曰：‘何谓朝云？’玉曰：‘昔者先王尝游高唐，怠而昼寝，梦见一妇人，曰：“妾，巫山之女也，为高唐之客。闻君游高唐，愿荐枕席。”王因幸之，去而辞曰：“妾在巫山之阳，高丘之阻，旦为朝云，暮为行雨，朝朝暮暮，阳台之下。”旦朝视之，如言，故为立庙，号曰朝云。’”后来在诗文中便以此作为男女情事的常用之典。
堕（duò）：落下。灵雨：好雨。
红：水草，又称水荭。浦溆（pǔ xù）：水畔，水边。
参考资料：
1、（清）纳兰性德著．墨香斋译评,纳兰词 双色插图版：中国纺织出版社，2015.10：第110页
2、（清）纳兰性德著．侯清恒，李少辉注评,纳兰词赏析：中国言实出版社，2015.04：第373页
河渎神·风紧雁行高创作背景
赵秀亭、冯统一《饮水词笺校》载：“此词用语多及湘楚，殆为寄张见阳词。见阳任江华令，因有‘灵雨’之辞。‘鸳鸯’云云，则颇涉调侃，据知见阳为携眷南行。词当作于康熙十八年（1679年）秋见阳离京后不久。”
参考资料：
1、闵泽平编著．纳兰词全集 汇编汇评汇校：崇文书局，2012.03：第101页
河渎神·风紧雁行高鉴赏
上片写景，营造凄清的氛围。“风紧雁行高”，开篇五个字便是寂寞的形状，宛如天际的白云，看似有形，却是无形。也正是因为如此，寂寞才难以捉摸，时而飘来，进入心里，让人无法释怀。容若最是能体会寂寞的，他的心，从始至终，从未曾冰释过。“无边落木萧萧”，就好像无边的落木，落叶无边，枯寂蔓延开来，无法收拾。而容若之所以开篇如此描写，正是要写出相思之苦的痛楚：“楚天魂梦与香销，青山暮暮朝朝”，到底那相爱之情如何才能够化解，让容若不再为相思而苦，无人能够作答，就连容若自己，也无法解答。人世间的情情爱爱，本就是因缘际会，这是无法用理性去控制的。容若是一个多情之人，他正因为多情，才被情所困。词中虽是写景，却景中有情，甚是感人。
下片借景抒情，运用“凉云”、“灵雨”等意象描绘出一幅扩大的景象。“断续凉云来一缕，飘堕几丝灵雨。今夜冷红浦溆，鸳鸯栖向何处？”情景交融，云雨反转，无一不让容若想到相思之人。今夜寒意袭人，那思恋的人会在何处。是否会被寒冷侵袭，又是否会不懂得加衣。这种种担忧，无不化进这首词中，尽惹得相思离人泪。最后一句卒章显志，表现出对自己所想之人的盼望之情。
从写法上看，全词没有一个字提及人物，既没有出现词人自己，也没有出现爱慕怀怀念的对象，一切修辞都是暗示，一切意象也都是暗示。在各种旁敲侧击里，烘托出梦断香消的刻骨悲伤。
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李白《
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枯鱼过河泣》
纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德（1655－1685），满洲人，字容若，号楞伽山人，清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉，在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期，其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王，却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景，加之个人的超逸才华，使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。”富于意境，是其众多代表作之一。
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