定西番·海燕欲飞调羽
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唐代]：温庭筠
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海燕欲飞调羽。萱草绿，杏花红，隔帘拢。
双鬓翠霞金缕，一枝春艳浓。楼上月明三五，琐窗中。
定西番·海燕欲飞调羽译文及注释
译文
燕子欲飞时，尖尖小嘴梳羽绒。庭中萱草绿如春水，满树杏花胭脂红。欲走进春的画卷，却又隔着帘栊。
两鬓戴金佩玉，似金霞飞虹，人如一枝春花，春情正浓。那高挂楼头的团圆月呀，又透过窗格，洒下一片相思情浓。
注释
定西番：唐教坊曲名，后用作词牌名。此调有不同格体，俱为双调，此词为三十五字，上片四句一仄韵两平韵；下片四句，两仄韵两平韵。
海燕：燕子。古以燕子从海上来，故称。
萱草：又写成“蘐草”或“谖草”。
琐窗：镂有花纹之窗。
定西番·海燕欲飞调羽创作背景
这首词是温庭筠众多以女性为题材的作品之一，是为反映闺中少女心底的难言之隐而作，而其具体创作时间未能确证。
参考资料：
1、邱美琼 胡建次．温庭筠词全集汇校汇注汇评．武汉：崇文书局，2015：45-46
2、房开江 崔黎民．花间集全译．贵阳：贵州人民出版社，1997：36-37
定西番·海燕欲飞调羽鉴赏
这首词通过描述一个新妆初罢的少女形象，表现出女主人公心底思恋的难言之苦。
上片写女主人公所见的帘外景象。起拍以海燕初飞兴起少女新妆，给人一种轻盈明丽的感觉。接着用“萱草绿”“杏花红”二句，刻画少女新妆时的美好环境，烘托了少女开朗而欢快的情绪，使之活动于草绿花红的画面中，为下片突出人物衬托了背景。而末句“隔帘栊”的一个“隔”字，将人与春景分离，仿佛有什么羁绊使她不能冲出帘栊而融身于美好的春光之中。情虽未露，却可从末句中品味得出。
下片写女主人公新妆之后的形象，花枝招展，浓艳非凡，别有一番风韵。“双鬓翠霞金缕”，突出妆饰的艳丽；“一枝春艳浓”，以比喻少女如花，与李白《清平调》“一枝秾艳露凝香，云雨巫山枉断肠”意境相似。后二句，将少女置于月圆之夜。这时，少女的情怀，并未写出，她究竟有何感触，这给了读者以思索的余地。然而，“琐窗中”三字，却透露出女主人公的活动时间与心境，传达出一种凄清之感。
整首词字面没有写情，但通过场景、时间的变化，主人公的艳丽的妆容，衬托出人在楼中的凄楚幽怨之情，深婉含蓄，耐人寻味。
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李商隐《
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无题·八岁偷照镜》
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李白《
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赠郭将军》
温庭筠简介
唐代·温庭筠的简介
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温庭筠（约812—866）唐代诗人、词人。本名岐，字飞卿，太原祁（今山西祁县东南）人。富有天才，文思敏捷，每入试，押官韵，八叉手而成八韵，所以也有“温八叉”之称。然恃才不羁，又好讥刺权贵，多犯忌讳，取憎于时，故屡举进士不第，长被贬抑，终生不得志。官终国子助教。精通音律。工诗，与李商隐齐名，时称“温李”。其诗辞藻华丽，秾艳精致，内容多写闺情。其词艺术成就在晚唐诸词人之上，为“花间派”首要词人，对词的发展影响较大。在词史上，与韦庄齐名，并称“温韦”。存词七十余首。后人辑有《温飞卿集》及《金奁集》。
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