杜司勋
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唐代]：李商隐
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高楼风雨感斯文，短翼差池不及群。
刻意伤春复伤别，人间惟有杜司勋。
杜司勋译文及注释
译文
高楼上风雨如晦感动于杜司勋的诗文，他羽翼短小无力奋飞赶不上同群的人。
倾注心血刻意写诗感伤时事又伤离别，人世间值得推崇和赞誉的只有杜司勋！
注释
杜司勋：即杜牧，晚唐时期诗人、散文家，曾于唐宣宗大中二年（848年）三月入朝为司勋员外郎、史馆修撰（见《樊川集》中《上周相公启》及《宋州宁陵县记》），故称杜司勋。
风雨：语出《诗经·国风·郑风·风雨》：“风雨如晦，鸡鸣不已。”抒写风雨怀人之情。此借意以怀杜牧，并以风雨迷茫之景象征时局之昏暗。斯文：此文，指他当时正在吟诵的杜牧诗作，即第三句所谓“刻意伤春复伤别”之作。
差池：犹参差。指燕飞时尾羽参差不齐。
刻意：有意为之，此指别有寄托。伤春：因春天到来而引起忧伤、苦闷。复：又。伤别：因离别而悲伤。
参考资料：
1、陈永正．李商隐诗选译．成都：巴蜀书社，1991：126-127
2、张国举．唐诗精华注译评．长春：长春出版社，2010：715-716
杜司勋创作背景
此诗当作于唐宣宗大中三年（849年）春天。大约在大中三年（849年）前后，这两位诗人久别之后，终于重又聚合。因为彼此之间的私下情谊，他们在这段日子里有过频繁的相处交游，有过密切的来往酬唱。《杜司勋》和《赠司勋杜十三员外》都作于此时。
参考资料：
1、陈永正．李商隐诗选译．成都：巴蜀书社，1991：126-127
杜司勋鉴赏
首句“高楼风雨感斯文”，写自己对杜牧诗歌独特的感受。这是一个风雨凄凄的春日。诗人登上高楼，凭栏四顾，只见整个长安城都沉浸在迷茫的雨雾中。这风雨如晦的景象，正好触动胸中郁积的伤世忧时之感。
正是在这种恶劣的环境中，诗人对杜牧的诗作也就有了更深切的感受，因为后者就是“高楼风雨”的时代环境的产物。杜牧的“斯文”，不能确指，也不必确指，应是感伤时世、忧愁风雨之作。
次句“短翼差池不及群”，转说自己，也暗含杜牧。这是一首送别诗。李商隐用“差池”暗寓“伤别”之情。这句是说，自己正如风雨中艰难行进的弱燕，翅短力微，赶不上同群。
这是自伤身世孤孑，不能奋飞远飞，也是自谦才力浅短，不如杜牧。这后一层意思，正与末句“唯有”相呼应。上句因“高楼风雨”兴感而兼写双方，这句表面上似专写自己。其实，“短翼差池”之恨不独李商隐。他另一首《赠杜十三司勋员外》曾深情劝勉杜牧：“心铁已从干镆利，鬓丝休叹雪霜垂。”正说明杜牧同样有壮心不遂之恨。这里只提自己，只是一种委婉含蓄的表达方式。
“刻意伤春复伤别，人间唯有杜司勋。”三、四两句极力推重杜牧的诗歌。伤春、伤别，即“高楼风雨”的忧时伤世之意与“短翼差池”的自慨身世之情，也就是这首诗的基本内容和主题。“伤春”、“伤别”，高度概括了杜牧诗歌的主要内容与基本主题，并揭示了带有那个衰颓时代所特有的感伤情调的艺术风格。“刻意”二字，既强调其创作态度之严肃，又突出其运思寓意之深厚，暗示他所说的“伤春伤别”，并非寻常的男女相思离别，伤心人别有怀抱。末句“唯有”二字极高评价了杜牧在当时诗坛上的崇高地位。
这首诗之蕴含着丰富的言外之意、弦外之音。诗人极力称扬杜牧，实际上含有引杜牧为同调之意。既评杜，又属自道。同心相应，同气相求，诗人在评杜、赞杜的同时，也就寄托了自己对时代和身世的深沉感慨，暗含着诗坛寂寞、知音稀少的弦外之音。
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王梵志《
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吾富有钱时》
李商隐简介
唐代·李商隐的简介
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李商隐，字义山，号玉溪（谿）生、樊南生，唐代著名诗人，祖籍河内（今河南省焦作市）沁阳，出生于郑州荥阳。他擅长诗歌写作，骈文文学价值也很高，是晚唐最出色的诗人之一，和杜牧合称“小李杜”，与温庭筠合称为“温李”，因诗文与同时期的段成式、温庭筠风格相近，且三人都在家族里排行第十六，故并称为“三十六体”。其诗构思新奇，风格秾丽，尤其是一些爱情诗和无题诗写得缠绵悱恻，优美动人，广为传诵。但部分诗歌过于隐晦迷离，难于索解，至有“诗家总爱西昆好，独恨无人作郑笺”之说。因处于牛李党争的夹缝之中，一生很不得志。死后葬于家乡沁阳（今河南焦作市沁阳与博爱县交界之处）。作品收录为《李义山诗集》。
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