咏河市歌者
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宋代]：范成大
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岂是从容唱渭城，个中当有不平鸣。
可怜日晏忍饥面，强作春深求友声。
咏河市歌者译文及注释
译文
我听出来了，你并不是从容不迫地演唱着《渭城曲》，你的歌声中充满了激越与不平。
可怜你在这黄昏时候面容憔悴忍受着饥饿的煎熬，强打着笑容唱着，好似那春天的鸟儿，为了求友不住地啼鸣。
注释
河市：也叫市河，要苏州城内。
歌者：卖唱人。
渭城：即《渭城曲》，根据唐代诗人王维的送别诗《送元二使安西》谱成的乐曲，又叫《阳关三叠》，唐宋时期十分流行。这里是说卖唱人唱这支流行曲，不在于它的送别友人的内容。
个中：此中。
当：想必。
日晏：天色已晚。
忍饥面－－挨饿的脸色。
春深求友声：用《诗经》中"嘤其鸣矣，求其友声"的典故。是说：春天黄莺叫个不停。是为了寻伴侣。这两句说：可怜他唱到天晚，还没吃口饭，依然忍饥挨饿，强作黄莺般的歌声来吸引听众。
参考资料：
1、李梦生． 宋诗三百首全解．上海 ： 复旦大学出版社， 2007年5月1日： 第237-238页
咏河市歌者鉴赏
诗人黄昏时分行走在街上，忽然听到路边有人在卖唱，声音纡徐婉转，可是诗人从中品出了某种不平的感慨。于是他停下来打量了一下歌者，只见他面黄肌瘦，在这日暮时分还不得不忍着饥饿高歌，以求行人布施。诗写得音调和谐，起句以问句形式，为下句作铺垫，次句自答，补足题目，写出歌者的心声。三、四句使用流水对，进一步阐述歌者的歌声中何以有不平的音符，从对音乐的感受转移到直接的描述，通过“日晏”、“忍饥”、“强作”三个词，把歌者内心的惨痛与生活的艰难完全表现出来，诗又以“可怜”二字领句，表明自己同情的立场。
范成大晚年退职家居后，写了很多描写下层百姓痛苦的诗歌，诗风朴实自然，带有乐府民歌的特性，同时往往学民歌用双关、谐音词等手法，使诗活泼生动。如此诗末句，用《诗经》典故，一方面切合歌者身份，回照他歌声的美妙；另一方面又暗喻他处境困难，渴望人们同情与施舍。
关心民瘼的人一般都很富有同情心，范成大就很富有同情心，苦难人的悲声常常使他产生感伤。像这首诗写到听人卖唱一样，他有次在寒冷的夜晚，听到门外有人喊叫卖卜，他就满怀伤悲地写下这么一首诗：“静夜家家闭户眠，满城风雨骤寒天。号呼卖卜谁家子？想歉明朝籴米钱。”（《夜坐有感》）又有一次，他听到卖菜人在大雪天吆喝卖菜，他便作诗说：“饭箩驱出敢偷闲？雪胫冰须惯忍寒。岂是不能扃户坐？忍寒犹可忍饥难。”（《雪中闻墙外鬻鱼菜者求售之声甚苦有感》）这三首诗，写的都是在饥寒交迫中挣扎的苦命人，诗的句法与结构也很接近，合在一起，可全面地理解范成大诗作的内容与思想状况。
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陶渊明《
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饮酒·其二》
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欧阳修《
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减字木兰花·画堂雅宴》
范成大简介
唐代·范成大的简介
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范成大（1126-1193），字致能，号称石湖居士。汉族，平江吴县（今江苏苏州）人。南宋诗人。谥文穆。从江西派入手，后学习中、晚唐诗，继承了白居易、王建、张籍等诗人新乐府的现实主义精神，终于自成一家。风格平易浅显、清新妩媚。诗题材广泛，以反映农村社会生活内容的作品成就最高。他与杨万里、陆游、尤袤合称南宋“中兴四大诗人”。
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