丽人赋
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南北朝]：沈约
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有客弱冠未仕，缔交戚里，驰骛王室，遨游许史。归而称曰：狭邪才女，铜街丽人，亭亭似月，嬿婉如春，凝情待价，思尚衣巾。芳逾散麝，色茂开莲。陆离羽佩，杂错花钿。响罗衣而不进，隐明镫而未前。中步檐而一息，顺长廊而回归。池翻荷而纳影，风动竹而吹衣。薄暮延伫，宵分乃至。出暗入光，含羞隐媚。垂罗曳锦，鸣瑶动翠。来脱薄妆，去留馀腻。沾粉委露，理鬓清渠。落花入领，微风动裾。
丽人赋译文及注释
译文
一位没有功名的青年客人，在有权势的外戚家游玩。归来后称赞到：小街曲巷有一位才华出众的少女，是都城繁华街道上赫赫有名的美人。面目清朗似皎皎明月，娇美的样子如明媚春光使人感到温馨。专心等待善价卖身，一心想要匹配儒雅的少年。身上沁人的芳香比那散发的麝香还要令人心醉，容貌娇美如盛开的荷花。以翠鸟华贵羽毛为饰的佩带参差错综，镶嵌各种颜色的金花令人眼花撩乱。罗绮微响却不进入屋内，隐身在点点烛光后在不向前走。走廊中暂停玉步，倚槛小憩，顺着长廊轻盈返回。池中的荷叶翻飞而起，把丽人的身影纳入水中。清风摇动翠竹摇曳美人衣。黄昏久久伫立，夜半时分终于在丽人焦急渴望中来到。屋外昏暗室内烛光灼灼，藏起美人妩媚的容貌。罗裙下垂，穿着色彩鲜艳华丽衣裳；轻移莲步，精美首饰撞击发出悦耳声响。脱下身上轻薄的衣着，去除脸上剩余的油垢。脂粉被晶莹的晨露沾湿，她对着清澈的渠水略微整理一下云鬓。轻柔的落花飘入她的衣领；清风徐来，拂动了她的单衣。
注释
弱冠（guàn）：弱是年弱的意思，依古礼男子二十岁行加冠礼，所以也用“弱冠”代指二十岁左右。未仕：没有做官。
缔交：缔约结交。戚里：本是汉代长安城中外戚居住的地方，这里指一般京城中外戚居住的地方。
驰鹜（wù）：指奔走趋赴。王室：指帝王之家。
许史：指外戚之家。许，汉宣帝的许皇后，汉元帝的母亲。许皇后死后，其父及两位叔父皆封为侯。史，卫太子史良娣，汉宣帝祖母，宣帝即位，封史良娣兄史恭之三子为侯。
狭邪：小街曲巷。古乐府有《长安有狭邪行》，故专指都市中人烟稠密的狭窄街巷。邪，通“斜”，街巷。
铜街：即铜驼街，在洛阳城中洛阳宫南金马门处，也是都城繁华之处。
亭亭：面目清朗的样子。
嬿（yàn）婉：和顺美好的样子。
凝情：专心。
尚：匹配。衣巾：衣是常服，巾是男子裹束头发的幅巾，这里指未入仕的儒雅少年。据史载汉末一些王公以幅巾代替王服来表现儒雅。
逾：超过。散麝（shè）：散发的麝香。
茂：比……更茂盛。开莲：盛开的莲花。
陆离：众多纷杂的样子。羽佩：用翡翠鸟羽毛装饰的佩饰。
花钿（diàn）：花朵状的首饰。
明镫（dēng）：指丽人打的灯。镫：“灯”本字。连上句是说：只听见罗衣响动，看见灯光隐约，但丽人却迟迟不前来。
中：中途。步檐：长廊。一息：歇息一次。
池翻荷而纳影：池中的荷叶翻飞而起，把丽人的身影纳入水中。
薄暮：黄昏。薄，通“迫”，近。延伫：久久伫立。
宵分：夜半。
暗：指室外。光：指有灯光的室内。
隐：收藏。媚：指妩媚的容貌。
垂罗曳（yè）锦：指衣裙下垂而拖在地上。罗、锦，皆指有花纹的丝织衣物。曳，拖。
瑶：美玉。指玉佩。翠：即上文之羽佩。
薄妆：轻薄的装束。妆，通“装”。
馀腻：剩余的油垢。
沾粉委露：滴落的露水沾湿脸上的妆粉。沾，沾染。委，委积。
理鬓清渠：面对着清澈的水渠整理鬓发。
裾（jū）：指单衣。
参考资料：
1、赵逵夫．《名家注评古典文学丛书 汉魏六朝赋点评》．陕西：三秦出版社，2010年9月：第322页—324页
2、王飞鸿．《中国历代名赋大观》．北京：北京燕山出版社，2007年07月第1版：第424页
丽人赋创作背景
《丽人赋》创作于公元460年（南朝宋孝武帝大明四年），当时二十岁左右的沈约在京城四方交游中结识了一位丽人，两人曾相互爱恋，晚上私下偷偷相会，这篇赋即是沈约为此丽人而作。
参考资料：
1、唐燮军．《史家行迹与史书构造：以魏晋南北朝佚史为中心的考察》．浙江：浙江大学出版社，2014年3月：第204-206页
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李白《
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题东谿公幽居》
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王建《
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寄蜀中薛涛校书》
沈约简介
唐代·沈约的简介
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沈约（441~513年），字休文，汉族，吴兴武康（今浙江湖州德清）人，南朝史学家、文学家。出身于门阀士族家庭，历史上有所谓“江东之豪，莫强周、沈”的说法，家族社会地位显赫。祖父沈林子，宋征虏将军。父亲沈璞，宋淮南太守，于元嘉末年被诛。沈约孤贫流离，笃志好学，博通群籍，擅长诗文。历仕宋、齐、梁三朝。在宋仕记室参军、尚书度支郎。著有《晋书》、《宋书》、《齐纪》、《高祖纪》、《迩言》、《谥例》、《宋文章志》，并撰《四声谱》。作品除《宋书》外，多已亡佚。
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薄暮登城暑气微，风含睥睨欲沾衣。
青山满目惭高隐，白发盈头爱落晖。