寄蜀中薛涛校书
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唐代]:王建
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万里桥边女校书,枇杷花里闭门居。
扫眉才子于今少,管领春风总不如。
寄蜀中薛涛校书译文及注释
译文
在万里桥畔住着一位很有才华的歌妓,枇杷花环绕着她的住宅,在那枇杷花丛中,她闭门深居。
像她那样有才华的女子,在今天已经很少了,即使那些能完全领略文学高妙意境的人,总也有点不如她。
注释
薛涛:唐代女诗人。字洪度。长安人,随父官于蜀,父死不得归,遂居于成都,为有名的乐妓。校(jiào)书:即校书郎,古代掌校理典籍的官员。据说武元衡曾有奏请授涛为校书郎之议,一说系韦皋镇蜀时辟为此职。薛涛当时就以“女校书”广为人知。而“蜀人呼妓为校书,自涛始”(《唐才子传》)。
万里桥:在成都南。古时蜀人入吴,皆取道于此。
枇杷(pí pá):乔木名,果实亦曰枇杷。据《柳亭诗话》,这是与杜鹃花相似的一种花,产于骆谷,本名琵琶,后人不知,改为“枇杷”。
扫眉才子:泛指从古以来的女才子们。扫眉,画眉。
管领春风:犹言独领风骚。春风,指春风词笔,风流文采。
参考资料:
1、黄永武.新编唐诗三百首鉴赏:时事出版社,2004:590-591
2、吉林大学中文系.唐诗鉴赏大典(九):吉林大学出版社,2009:181-182
3、周啸天.唐诗鉴赏辞典补编:四川文艺出版社,1990:448-449
寄蜀中薛涛校书创作背景
这首诗约作于唐宪宗元和(805—820)年间。薛涛辩慧工诗,甚为时人所称。而此诗王建也曾与薛涛在成都有所交集,作者欣赏薛涛才华,作此诗以赠。
参考资料:
1、吉林大学中文系.唐诗鉴赏大典(九):吉林大学出版社,2009:181-182
2、周啸天.唐诗鉴赏辞典补编:四川文艺出版社,1990:448-449
寄蜀中薛涛校书鉴赏
元稹有诗云:“锦江滑腻峨眉秀,幻出文君与薛涛。言语偷巧鹦鹉舌,文章分得凤凰毛。纷纷词客多停笔,个个公卿欲梦刀。别后相思隔烟水,菖蒲花发五云高。”诗将薛涛比卓文君,然而就知名度与实际才学而言,薛涛实在文君之上。
王建这首寄赠之作,在众多献殷勤的赞美诗中,算是出色的一首。薛涛在成都居住,于城郊百花潭有别宅。“万里桥西宅,百花潭北庄”,这里原是诗圣杜甫居住过的地方。“万里桥边女校书”,开门见山,尊呼薛涛的身份,又点明地望,起笔庄重。据载,薛涛居蜀时好种菖蒲,此物难得开花结实。有时开花,则被古人视为一种祥瑞,如五色云,故元稹诗有“菖蒲花发五云高”之句。后居碧鸡坊,又别种枇杷。“枇杷花里闭门居”一句,意象清丽可人,人们可以通过杜鹃花开的情景来想象枇杷花开的繁盛美丽。女校书端居其中,飘飘然当俨若仙子。“闭门居”三字,不仅有雅静之韵,且有“桃李无言,下自成蹊”的意味,与后二句紧密关联。
如果说前两句在不动声色的叙述中已暗寓赞美之意,则后两句便是极其热情的颂扬了:“扫眉才子知多少,管领春风总不如。”“扫眉才子”即活用张敞为妻画眉典故,那些从古以来的女才子们在诗中作为女主人公的陪衬。其实不仅是女才子比不上薛涛,当时倾慕薛涛的才子很多,到了所谓“个个公卿欲梦刀”的地步,这些男士们的才情,很少能超出薛涛。“管领春风总不如”,即元稹“纷纷词客多停笔”之意。这个评价看似溢美之辞,但也不全是恭维。薛涛不仅工诗,且擅书法,“其行书妙处,颇得王羲法。”因此,又以巧手慧心,发明了“薛涛笺”,韦庄有诗赞曰:“也知价重连城璧,一纸万金犹不惜。”在巴蜀文化史上,留下了一页佳话。
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沈约《
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丽人赋》
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黄庭坚《
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题子瞻枯木》
王建简介
唐代·王建的简介
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王建(约767年—约830年):字仲初,生于颍川(今河南许昌),唐朝诗人。其著作,《新唐书·艺文志》、《郡斋读书志》、《直斋书录解题》等皆作10卷,《崇文总目》作2卷。
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