菩萨蛮·为春憔悴留春住
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清代]：纳兰性德
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为春憔悴留春住，那禁半霎催归雨。深巷卖樱桃，雨余红更娇。
黄昏清泪阁，忍便花飘泊。消得一声莺，东风三月情。
菩萨蛮·为春憔悴留春住译文及注释
译文
为了留住将逝的春天憔悴不已，黄昏，雨来催归黄昏的时候，深巷中卖着的樱桃，在雨后显得更加娇艳。
含着眼泪，独自看着那落花飘飘。忽闻一声清脆莺啼自东风中传来，思绪又触摸到三月所留在心底的那一枚温暖的印记。
注释
菩萨蛮：本唐教坊曲，后用为词牌，也用作曲牌。亦作《菩萨鬘》，又名《子夜歌》、《重叠金》等。双调，四十四字，属小令，以五七言组成。下片后二句与上片后二句字数格式相同。上下片各四句，均为两仄韵，两平韵。
雨余（yú）：雨后。
阁：含着。
消（xiāo）得：禁受得。
三月情：此处或谓暮春之伤情，或别有隐情，所指未详。
参考资料：
1、闵泽平编著,纳兰词全集 汇编汇评汇校,崇文书局,2012.03,第72页
菩萨蛮·为春憔悴留春住创作背景
康熙年间，词人所写诗词普遍为宣扬爱情，爱情在词人的诗词中占了很大比重。这首《菩萨蛮》也是词人在春天时候为了怀念爱人而作的。
参考资料：
1、聂小晴，泉凌波，闫晗编著,纳兰容若词传 仓央嘉措诗文传合集,中国华侨出版社,2012.05,第321页
2、
菩萨蛮·为春憔悴留春住鉴赏
这是一首伤春伤怀之作。
该词上阕，词人描写眼前所见之景，意境凄凉。通过对面前的景物如雨后的樱桃、东风中的莺啼等的描写，生动形象地表达了词人内心的伤感以及对故人的怀念与深情。词首句起势不凡，为全篇定下了留春不住而辗转憔悴的情感基调。起首二句营造了一种与欧阳修《蝶恋花》“雨横风狂三月暮，门掩黄昏，无计留春住”相类似的氛围和心境：同样的雨横风狂，催送着残春。
下阕，词人由怜惜转为伤怀。“黄昏清泪阁，忍便花飘泊”是倒装句。词人实在不忍香到春天的花瓣都飘零凋落了，夕阳黄昏之中，他只得泪眼盈盈。而就在这时候，他听见一声黄莺的啼叫顺着东风飘忽而至，唤起了词人对二月阳春的深情。末句，“消得一声莺．东风三月情”。“消得”本来是经受得住，这里谓无法经受，因为这一声莺啼。唤出了“东风三月情”：此处“三月情”应指惜春之情，但此词似含有一段隐情，表面上是欲留春住，其实是想留人，想留而不能留，或才是诗人的心痛处。
全词表达了词人伤春感怀之情，该词延续了词人一贯的悲愁之风，这种不事雕琢的凄凉愁苦之情最能触动人心。
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唐彦谦《
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春残》
纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德（1655－1685），满洲人，字容若，号楞伽山人，清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉，在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期，其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王，却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景，加之个人的超逸才华，使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。”富于意境，是其众多代表作之一。
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