金陵夜泊
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唐代]：罗隐
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冷烟轻澹傍衰丛，此夕秦淮驻断蓬。
栖雁远惊沽酒火，乱鸦高避落帆风。
地销王气波声急，山带秋阴树影空。
六代精灵人不见，思量应在月明中。
金陵夜泊译文及注释
译文
清冷的烟雾笼罩着衰败的树丛，今夜漂泊的船只行至秦淮河岸边停靠。
几处酒店夜火，惊起了水边栖雁；风帆下落，昏鸦纷纷惊叫着高飞躲避。
山上那摇落的树干仿佛正在倾听那挟带着三百年金陵王气的涛声，消逝在远方的夜空。
那些曾经在秦淮河身边风流一世的六代人物，如今都在哪里？想来应在这清冷的月光中。
注释
金陵：古邑名。今江苏省南京市的别称。战国楚威王七年（公元前333年）灭越后在今南京市清凉山（石城山）设金陵邑。
轻澹：即轻淡。澹：一作“霭”，一作“雨”。衰丛：衰败的树丛。
秦淮：河名。流经南京，是南京市名胜之一。相传秦始皇南巡至龙藏浦，发现有王气，于是凿方山，断长垄为渎入于江，以泄王气，故名秦淮。断蓬：犹飞蓬，比喻漂泊无定。此指船。
雁：一作“鸟”。沽酒：卖酒。
王气：旧指象征帝王运数的祥瑞之气。
六代：指东吴、东晋以及南朝的宋、齐、梁、陈六个朝代，都在建康（即金陵）建都，因唐朝人许嵩在《建康实录》一书记载了这六个朝代而得名。六：一作“数”。精灵：精灵之气。指显贵人物。
思量：考虑；忖度。
参考资料：
1、搜韵网.金陵夜泊
金陵夜泊创作背景
金陵，是六朝帝王之都，这里曾演出过一幕幕历史的悲喜剧，穿城流过的秦淮河是目睹这些历史变迁的见证者。在一个秋色迷离的傍晚，十上不第、传食诸侯、因人成事的诗人罗隐，泊舟秦淮，目击眼前衰景，白云苍狗的尘寰之感涌上心头，他写下这首吊古悲今的伤心之诗。
参考资料：
1、周啸天 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典补编．成都：四川文艺出版社，1990：665-666
金陵夜泊鉴赏
冷烟、薄霭、衰丛，诗一开始就以愁惨之墨，描绘出一幅惨淡的秦淮秋暝图。在这令人惆怅的伤心之夜，一只旅船缓缓地向河岸靠去。首联在写景叙事中点出“夜泊金陵”诗题。其中“断蓬”二字用得极巧妙，秋蓬根断，随风飘荡，来去无所，正喻诗人身不由己的飘泊生涯，而“蓬”音与船篷之“篷”相同，驻蓬，犹言驻篷，即泊船，故“蓬”字用，在一石二鸟，既叙事，又写情，富于形象。
中间两联写夜泊秦淮所见所闻。夜色初临，河岸上刚点燃的几处酒店夜火，惊起了水边草丛中栖息的征雁，传来阵阵凄唳的鸣叫和鸟翅扑打声。旅船靠岸，风帆下落，盘旋在桅杆四周的昏鸦纷纷惊叫着高飞躲避。在这阒寂的秋夜中，远处大江的涛声显得格外清楚、格外急促。秋阴遮盖下的山上，那摇落的树干一枝枝孤零零地伸向朦胧的夜空，仿佛正在倾听那急促的涛声挟带着三百年金陵王气，消逝在远方的夜空。面对此情此景，诗人感慨万千：啊，昔日歌吹动地，灯火彻夜的秦淮河，如今竟成了征雁寒鸦的世界！秦淮河啊！秦淮河，自古以来，你伴着这虎踞龙蹯的金陵，审视着人间的沧桑变化，那些曾经在你身边风流一世的六代人物，如今都在哪里？在白日喧嚣的阳光下，人们难以寻找他们的踪迹，想来在这清冷的月光下，他们的精灵正和你一起，静听着寂寞的潮水拍打眼前这座空城，凝视着月色朦朦的大地吧。
在金陵这块土地上，产生过许多杰出的怀古之作，刘禹锡的《金陵怀古》、杜牧的《夜泊秦淮》等诗，千古为人咏唱不衰，这些作品将诗人心中那一股故国萧条悲叹之感融入金陵山水，它们与金陵同在。罗隐这首《金陵夜泊》，受前辈诗人风格熏染，但它能够在被白居易称为“后之诗人无复措词”的刘禹锡《石头城》之后，跻身金陵怀古诗精英之列，这不仅得力于为人激赏的“六代精灵人不见，思量应在月明中”的名句，更在“罗隐一生身”的个性特色，即“篇篇皆有喜怒哀乐心志去就之语，而终不离乎一身”（《桐江诗话》）。正因为罗隐身当末世，所以他有深沉的盛衰兴亡的历史意识；正因为他处于军阀混战，兵火遍地的乱世，所以他的生命价值感更加激烈；又因为他一生坎坷、感遇辄发，为人忌恨，所以他对人生的凄凉体会更深。这些充满人世忧愁的情感熔铸在诗歌意象中，使全诗意境悲凉凄清。
诗人选择了若干与自己悲凉身世可能建立同构关系的意象，来表现其潦倒落魄之情，在这样一种创作思想支配下，昔日繁华富贵的金陵，在诗中就以冷月寒烟、空山急浪围绕笼盖的面目出现，充斥其中的是枯树衰草，征雁暮鸦，升腾在夜空中的是那些为悲剧命运哀泣的六朝亡灵。自然意象、人事意象和幻想意象交织反射出诗人凄苦的心态。
罗隐诗固多讥刺，但在辛辣尖刻的讽刺和强烈的抨击中，也处处流露出乱世中不得志的伤感和种种忧患，说他是讽刺诗人固然可以，也可以说他是感伤诗人，此诗即可证明。
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曹植《
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杂诗七首·其一》
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曹植《
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杂诗七首·其一》
罗隐简介
唐代·罗隐的简介
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罗隐（833-909），字昭谏，新城（今浙江富阳市新登镇）人，唐代诗人。生于公元833年（太和七年），大中十三年（公元859年）底至京师，应进士试，历七年不第。咸通八年（公元867年）乃自编其文为《谗书》，益为统治阶级所憎恶，所以罗衮赠诗说：“谗书虽胜一名休”。后来又断断续续考了几年，总共考了十多次，自称“十二三年就试期”，最终还是铩羽而归，史称“十上不第”。黄巢起义后，避乱隐居九华山，光启三年（公元887年），55岁时归乡依吴越王钱镠，历任钱塘令、司勋郎中、给事中等职。公元909年（五代后梁开平三年）去世，享年77岁。
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宋祁
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滞淹连春晦，层阴接夜分。
骁壶惟发电，愁栋但生云。
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泽居
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宋代：
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陆游
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泽居仅足不求余，旷快真同纵壑鱼。
平日酷憎蝇附骥，暮年肯作鹤乘车？齿摇但煮岷山芋，眼涩惟观胄监书。