壶中天·夜渡古黄河与沈尧道曾子敬同赋
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宋代]：张炎
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扬舲万里，笑当年底事，中分南北。须信平生无梦到，却向而今游历。老柳官河，斜阳古道，风定波犹直。野人惊问，泛槎何处狂客！
迎面落叶萧萧，水流沙共远，都无行迹。衰草凄迷秋更绿，唯有闲鸥独立。浪挟天浮，山邀云去，银浦横空碧。扣舷歌断，海蟾飞上孤白。
壶中天·夜渡古黄河与沈尧道曾子敬同赋译文及注释
译文
我放船于万里黄河，当年多么可笑，这道流水不知何以竟被看成是划分南北的界线！不用说，我平生做梦也没有梦到过这里，如今却真的来游历了。沿着官河摇曳着几株老柳，萧索的古道映照着一片残阳。风停了，可是波涛依旧汹涌不息。岸上的村民看见我们，该会惊讶地问：哪来的这些狂放客人，竟兴高采烈在河上泛舟呢！
萧萧的落叶迎面飞来，河水卷着黄沙一起向远方流去，渐渐地远近再也看不见一个行人的踪影。衰败的野草一片凄迷，在秋气里绿得更深了，只有一只闲鸥企立在那里。高高的浊浪仿佛挟着天空一起浮动，蜿蜒的山岭好像招呼着云朵奔腾而去。入夜之后，璀璨的银河横亘天际。我们叩击着船舱引吭高歌。一曲方终，月亮升起来了，那样孤单凄白。
注释
壶中天：词牌名，即“念奴娇”，又名“百字令”“酹江月”“大江东去”“湘月”，双调一百字，上下片各十句四仄韵。
沈尧道：名钦，字尧道，号秋江。曾子敬：名遇，字子敬，又字心传。沈、曾二人都是作者的朋友。
舲（líng）：有窗的小船。
底事：何事，为什么，犹“为甚”。
须信：须知。
官河：官府组织开凿的人工河。
野人：借指河边的土著居民。
槎（chá）”，筏也，即木排竹排。
萧萧：风声，草木摇落声。
水流沙共远：河水挟裹着黄沙流向远方。
都无行迹：完全没有人迹。
银浦：银汉，即天河也。
扣舷歌：一边歌咏，一边叩击船帮以为节拍。断：歇，终了。
参考资料：
1、俞平伯．唐宋词选释．北京：人民文学出版社，1979：279-281
2、钟振振．唐宋词举要．芜湖：安徽师范大学出版社，2015：314-315
壶中天·夜渡古黄河与沈尧道曾子敬同赋创作背景
据《元史·世祖本纪》：“至元二十七年（1290），缮写金字《藏经》，凡糜金二千二百四十四两。”其时元世祖广征江南擅书者。张炎与沈尧道、曾子敬结伴赴元都写经。此词即作于此次北行途中。
参考资料：
1、钟振振．唐宋词举要．芜湖：安徽师范大学出版社，2015：314-315
2、吴熊和．唐宋词汇评·两宋卷（五）．杭州：浙江教育出版社，2004：1749-1751
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曹丕《
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于玄武陂作诗》
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王维《
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华子冈》
张炎简介
唐代·张炎的简介
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张炎（1248年－1320年），字叔夏，号玉田，晚年号乐笑翁。祖籍陕西凤翔。六世祖张俊，宋朝著名将领。父张枢，“西湖吟社”重要成员，妙解音律，与著名词人周密相交。张炎是勋贵之后，前半生居于临安，生活优裕，而宋亡以后则家道中落，晚年漂泊落拓。著有《山中白云词》，存词302首。张炎另一重要的贡献在于创作了中国最早的词论专著《词源》，总结整理了宋末雅词一派的主要艺术思想与成就，其中以“清空”，“骚雅”为主要主张。
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