白帝城最高楼
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唐代]：杜甫
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城尖径昃旌旆愁，独立缥缈之飞楼。
峡坼云霾龙虎卧，江清日抱鼋鼍游。
扶桑西枝对断石，弱水东影随长流。
杖藜叹世者谁子，泣血迸空回白头。
白帝城最高楼译文及注释
译文
尖峭的山城，崎岖的小路，以及插在城头的旌旗都暗自发愁。就在这样的地方，孤孤单单、若隐若现地耸立着一座飞腾的高楼。
云霾隔断连绵的山峡，群山如同龙虎在静卧；阳光映照着清澈的江水，波光好像鼋鼍在浮游。
扶桑西端的树枝遥对山峡的断石，弱水东来的影子紧接长江的流水。
拄着藜杖感叹世事的人究竟是谁？血泪飘洒空中，就在我满头白发回顾的时候。
注释
余英时《唐诗选》：城依山建筑（《上白帝城》所谓“城峻随天壁”），沿坡向上筑到山顶，过了山顶又沿坡向下，所以有“尖”处，“城尖”就是山尖。城尖两边的城头走道是倾仄（斜）的。旌旆：旌旗，旆（音佩），本义为古代旐旗末端形如燕尾的垂旒飘带。
萧涤非注：缥缈，高远不明之貌。楼高势若飞，故曰飞楼。
坼（chè），裂缝。霾（mái），指云色昏暗。龙虎卧，形容峡坼云霾。
日抱：指日照。鼋（yuán）：大鳖；鼍（tuó）：鳄鱼。
扶桑，见《说文》：“扶桑，神木，日所出也”。断石，指峡坼。
杖：拄（杖）。藜：用藜茎制成的手杖。谁子：哪一个。
泣血：形容极度哀痛，语出西汉李陵《答苏武书》。
参考资料：
1、萧涤非．杜甫诗选注．北京：人民文学出版社，1998：226-227
2、丁宁 ．杜甫七律全注 ：北京大学 ，2012 ：124-125
白帝城最高楼创作背景
唐代宗大历元年（766）春未夏初，杜甫从云安迁居夔州，开始了寄寓夔州的一段生活，也进入了一个诗歌创作的高峰期。白帝城在夔州东面，坐落于山头上，面临长江，杜甫初到夔州，登楼眺望，感慨无限，作《白帝城最楼》。
参考资料：
1、海兵．杜甫诗全集详注．乌鲁木齐：新疆人民出版社，2000：277-278
白帝城最高楼鉴赏
白帝城危耸于夔州（今重庆市奉节县）东白帝山之上，背负峭壁，前临大江，占据高峻山势，为三峡入口处著名胜景。杜甫晚年寄居夔州，咏白帝城作品颇多，此为其中之一。
“城尖经仄旌旆愁，独立缥缈之飞楼。”起句突出“白帝城最高楼”之高：城高路险，城头遍插旗帜，而旗帜亦愁城楼高险，则人愁不言而喻。白帝城楼高耸于此缥缈之际，凌空若飞，诗人驻立楼前，极目四望，胸襟益开。其立足之高，视野之阔，使得全诗在未展开之前已笼罩于一种雄奇壮丽的气势之中。
这一联是写楼头所见：忽而江峡若裂，云气昏晦，纵横怪石似龙盘虎踞，横卧波心；忽而江清水澈，日照当空，滩石于粼粼光影隐耀之中，又如鼋鼍怡然嬉游，阴晴气象殊异，而动人之处各不相让，两句并举，将楼头观景的倏忽万变写得活龙活现。
扶桑，为古神话中东方日出处一种神木，长约数千丈；弱水，为古神话中西方昆仑山下一条水流。此处是诗人登高临深，不禁心驰神往，设想出虚幻之境：如见扶桑西边的枝条正与山峡相对，弱水东边的影子似与长江相随。此前的诗人用此二典，一般是“东观扶桑曜，西卧弱水流”（曹植）的写法，而杜诗反向用之，是紧扣诗题，极力渲染城楼之高，可望扶桑西向；极言江流之远，可接弱水东来。以虚境写实景，于虚实之间传达神韵。
“杖藜叹世者谁子？泣血迸空回白头。”诗人的目光又从愈见虚渺的远景上落回楼头，孑孑老者，倚杖望空，情境与首联“独立”句相似，面对苍茫浩荡之江水，立此险峻峭拔之峰，心与物化，问“叹世者谁子？”似已达到忘我境界。但毕竟执着难遣，惟有泪洒天半。诗人一生漂泊，年逾半百仍不得归所，写此诗时离安史之乱平息不过三四年，朝野间百废待兴，国恨、乡愁，平生叹喟，郁积于胸，只有回首归去，让这地老天荒的萧瑟苍凉之感逐渐淡化消释于心罢了。
这是一首句法用律体而音节用古体的拗体七律，其情绪勃郁，声调拗怒，互相配合，突破了七律中传统的和谐，给人以耳目一新之感。加上格局严谨，首联叙写楼高，二联摹写近景，三联拟想远境，末联感慨身世，起、承、转、合，诗法井然。正如清人王嗣奭《杜臆》评“此诗真作惊人语，是缘忧世之心，发之以自消其垒块，叹世二字，为一章之纲，泣血迸空，起于叹世。以迸空写楼高，落想尤奇。”
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王安石《
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太白岭》
杜甫简介
唐代·杜甫的简介
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杜甫（712－770），字子美，自号少陵野老，世称“杜工部”、“杜少陵”等，汉族，河南府巩县（今河南省巩义市）人，唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，杜甫被世人尊为“诗圣”，其诗被称为“诗史”。杜甫与李白合称“李杜”，为了跟另外两位诗人李商隐与杜牧即“小李杜”区别开来，杜甫与李白又合称“大李杜”。他忧国忧民，人格高尚，他的约1400余首诗被保留了下来，诗艺精湛，在中国古典诗歌中备受推崇，影响深远。759-766年间曾居成都，后世有杜甫草堂纪念。
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袁说友
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虚名误壮夫，黄金变颜色。谁欤帛米谋，困此刍狗迹。
安和一榻上，精神馀笔力。我欲造之深，剧谈忘漏刻。