酌酒与裴迪
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唐代]：王维
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酌酒与君君自宽，人情翻覆似波澜。
白首相知犹按剑，朱门先达笑弹冠。
世事浮云何足问，不如高卧且加餐。
酌酒与裴迪译文及注释
译文
斟酒给你请你自慰自宽，人情反复无常就像波澜。
相交到老还要按剑提防，先贵者却笑我突然弹冠。
野草新绿全经细雨滋润，花枝欲展却遇春风正寒。
世事浮云过眼不值一提，不如高卧山林努力加餐。
注释
裴迪：唐代诗人。字、号均不详，关中（今属陕西）人。官蜀州刺史及尚书省郎。盛唐著名的山水田园诗人。王维的好友。
自宽：自我宽慰。《列子·天瑞》：“孔子曰：‘善乎，能自宽者也。’”
人情：人心。翻覆：谓反覆无常；变化不定。
相知：互相知心的朋友。按剑：以手抚剑，预示击剑之势，表示提防。
朱门：红漆大门。指贵族豪富之家。先达：有德行学问的前辈。弹冠：弹去帽子上的灰尘，准备做官。
经：一作“轻”。
花枝：开有花的枝条。
世事：世务，世上的事。何足问：不值得一顾。何足，犹言哪里值得。
高卧：安卧；悠闲地躺着。指隐居不仕。
加餐：慰劝之辞。谓多进饮食，保重身体。
参考资料：
1、彭定求 等．全唐诗（上）．上海：上海古籍出版社，1986：298
2、邓安生 等．王维诗选译．成都：巴蜀书社，1990：169-170
酌酒与裴迪创作背景
此诗作于王维隐居辋川时期，大约于《辋川集》写于同时。王维一生沉浮宦海，安史之乱后，“在辋口，其水舟于舍下，别置竹洲花坞，与道友裴迪浮舟往来，弹琴赋诗，啸咏终日”；“在京师；退朝之后，焚香独坐，以禅诵为事。”（《旧唐书·王维传》）此诗为王维劝慰裴迪而作。
参考资料：
1、邓安生 等．王维诗选译．成都：巴蜀书社，1990：169-170
2、周啸天 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典补编．成都：四川文艺出版社，1990：120-122
酌酒与裴迪鉴赏
此诗是王维晚年诗作中十分值得玩味的一篇。首句“酌酒与君君自宽”，“君”字重复强调，这是障眼法；骨子里其实是胸中郁积愤懑，需与挚友一起借酒浇化。所谓“宽”者，宽人也即宽己，正是因为无法排遣。故次句“人情翻覆似波澜”，一曰翻覆，二曰波澜，足见心中愤激之情。三四句紧承“人情翻覆”，照应止水波澜的外部刺激，强调矛盾两端，铺叙反目成仇，人心无常。白首相知尚且如此，其他的人就不用说了。相知成仇，先达不用，说尽了世态炎凉，当是实有所指。前四句关键在“笑”字。弹冠”本为援手荐引乃同契之义，此处则反用其意，一旦“先达”即笑侮后来弹冠（出仕）者，轻薄排挤，乃至下井落石，此为淋漓之戟骂。金圣叹以为“自是千古至今绝妙地狱变相”，诚为得言。
从内容上说，五六两句是即景即情，从户内至室外，为酌酒时举目所见，由世态炎凉，人情翻覆展示天地无私，万物亲仁，豁然呈现一新境界。被王静安先生誉为“摄春草之魂”的“细雨湿流光”，诗人用以描写映窗草色；禅宗关于“心动”“物动”的著名偈语，诗人借以描绘照眼花枝，即使单纯作“景语”看，也属上乘。而其蕴涵则在“全经”，“欲动”，由彰显至深密，从象外到象内，大千世界，无所不容；仅观人间之蝇营狗苟，于义愤之外，恍然顿悟。从章法上说，律诗中间两联要求虚实相生，三四句实写，五六句则应当化实为虚，措辞表意不可复犯，方能体现“神韵”“气象”之妙。从禅学上说，佛家主“虚静”，尚“自然”，和光同尘；深一层探求，五六句似还参合“有无”“生灭”“变常”之理；即处“静观”“达观”态度，与三四句世俗的“势利”“凉薄”恰成对照。末两句“世事浮云”与“高卧加餐”由禅意而来。“何足问”有不屑一顾的鄙薄之意，所指实有其人其事，承三四句，“高卧”承五六句，超凡脱俗。前后既错综成文，又一气贯注，构思布局缜密精妙。
亦显亦隐、半儒半释的人生经历与处世态度，给王维造成巨大的心理矛盾，犹如碧潭止水，宜清心静观；但仰望高谷急湍，依旧凛然飞动，怵目惊心。王维全部诗作均可作如是观，通过《酌酒与裴迪》一诗即可透视此种矛盾心态。
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施闰章《
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泊樵舍》
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杜甫《
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晓发公安》
王维简介
唐代·王维的简介
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王维（701年－761年，一说699年—761年），字摩诘，汉族，河东蒲州（今山西运城）人，祖籍山西祁县，唐朝诗人，有“诗佛”之称。苏轼评价其：“味摩诘之诗，诗中有画；观摩诘之画，画中有诗。”开元九年（721年）中进士，任太乐丞。王维是盛唐诗人的代表，今存诗400余首，重要诗作有《相思》《山居秋暝》等。王维精通佛学，受禅宗影响很大。佛教有一部《维摩诘经》，是王维名和字的由来。王维诗书画都很有名，非常多才多艺，音乐也很精通。与孟浩然合称“王孟”。
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此间良足乐，思蜀还瞿然。既恋善和书，亦念原氏阡。
以兹几踌踷，孤负卜居萹。我家旧吟社，近在孤山前。