自巩洛舟行入黄河即事寄府县僚友
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唐代]：韦应物
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夹水苍山路向东，东南山豁大河通。
寒树依微远天外，夕阳明灭乱流中。
孤村几岁临伊岸，一雁初晴下朔风。
为报洛桥游宦侣，扁舟不系与心同。
自巩洛舟行入黄河即事寄府县僚友译文及注释
译文
两岸青山夹着洛水，船顺水向东航行，东南方向的山谷开阔，洛水与黄河相通。
稀疏的树木远在天边隐约可见，夕阳映照在汹涌的河水中忽暗忽明。
想起了几年前出现在伊河边的孤零零村落，眼前是雨霁初晴，一只孤雁在朔风中向南方飞去。
我要告诉在洛桥漫游的作官的朋友，我的心思就像不拴系的小船随波逐流。
注释
巩：今河南巩县。洛：洛水。这里的巩洛，即是指巩县洛河注入黄河处。
豁：大洞，此指两山交界处的深谷。大河：指黄河。
依微：依稀，因距离遥远而模糊不清的样子。
乱流：指众多的河流。
伊岸：伊水畔。
桥：洛阳洛河上之天津桥。游宦侣：在外地作官的朋友。
扁舟：小船。
参考资料：
1、李志敏．唐诗名篇鉴赏．北京：京华出版社，2011：142
2、杨佐义．全唐诗精选译注．长春：长春出版社，2000：716
自巩洛舟行入黄河即事寄府县僚友创作背景
韦应物于大历八年（773）秋冬之间，曾南下江淮，准备到广陵（今江苏扬州）去谋事。在广陵盘桓了八九个月，一事无成，于大历九年（774）秋天，怀着怅然若失的心情北归，在淮水边上遇见了过去在洛阳耐的同僚李主簿，写下了这首七律名篇。
参考资料：
1、倪其心 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1983：679-680
自巩洛舟行入黄河即事寄府县僚友鉴赏
首联写李主簿隐居的环境。他结茅隐居于淮水边的古渡口，可以卧看淮水奔流。环境虽然清幽，但从古渡口的废弃不用和淮水的逝去不复返，已暗逗下联时不我待、人将衰老之感慨，韦诗运笔的精致细腻，于此可见一斑。
颔联为传诵千古的警句，人与树相互映衬：树已逢秋，人焉得不老？窗里将老之人，面对着门前已衰之树，想起岁月不居，壮志蹉跎，这将何以为怀。这中间不仅极其传神地描摹了李主簿衰颓的形象与凄凉的心境，也寄寓着诗人自己怅然若失的情怀，其表现手法真是高明之至。
颈联写李主簿在古渡口的茅屋落中所见到的景象。粗粗一读，仿佛棼是随手拈来，漫不经心；细细品味，入深感是赋比结合，寓意深刻。“寒霈山”切深秋季节，“独过雁”比况李即主簿的孤独、萧索的生活境遇；“暮茎雨”既照应上联之人老树秋，又关合府下联之夕逢归，“远来舟”逗引出蓉下联的“逢归客”。真乃细针密线、友情景交融之佳句。
尾联仍从李主簿这边落笔，不说诗人遇上李主簿，而说李主簿在傍晚时遇上了一位北归的客人，依然不忘旧情，仍然热情接待。诗至此便戛然而止，至于主客会面以后的情景，便全留在诗外，让读者自己去想象了。
通观全篇，全从客位去描绘抒写，诗中所突出的，是居于客位的李主簿的形象与感受，而将诗人主观的感受融化在客体之中。在逢遇一类题材的作品中，是独具一格的。
这诗写景物有情思，有寄托，重在兴会标举，传神写意。洛水途中，诗人仿佛在赏景，实则心不在焉，沉于思虑。黄河的开阔景象，似乎惊觉了诗人，使他豁然开通，眺望起来。然而他看到的景象，却使他更为无奈而忧伤。遥望前景，萧瑟渺茫：昔日伊水孤村，显示出人民经历过多么深重的灾难；朔风一雁，恰似诗人只身东下赴任，知时而奋飞，济世于无望。于是他想起了朋友们的鼓励和期望，感到悲慨而疚愧，觉得自己终究是个无所求的无能者，济世之情，奋斗之志，都难以实现。这就是此诗的景中情，画外意。
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唐代·韦应物的简介
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韦应物（737～792），中国唐代诗人。汉族，长安(今陕西西安)人。今传有10卷本《韦江州集》、两卷本《韦苏州诗集》、10卷本《韦苏州集》。散文仅存一篇。因出任过苏州刺史，世称“韦苏州”。诗风恬淡高远，以善于写景和描写隐逸生活著称。
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