望牛头寺
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唐代]：杜甫
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牛头见鹤林，梯迳绕幽深。
春色浮山外，天河宿殿阴。
传灯无白日，布地有黄金。
休作狂歌老，回看不住心。
望牛头寺译文及注释
译文
牛头山上见到鹤林禅师，禅机如同山路蜿蜒幽深。
春色浮满山中，山高寺远，连银河似乎都宿在大殿影中。
传灯不是一件容易的事，但众生长处黑夜，故施慈悲，于世间遍布远比黄金更贵的佛法。
我年纪已老，别再作狂吟之事了，是该收收心，静心下来好好修心养性了。
注释
牛头：牛头寺。鹤林：鹤林禅师，一说为附近的鹤林寺。
迳（jìng）：同“径”，山路。
天河：银河。
传灯：佛法像灯一样，能够照破世间冥暗，所以佛门把传法称为“传灯。”
不住心：犹无住心，即空灵禅心。
参考资料：
1、洪丕谟著．佛诗三百首：安徽文艺出版社，2015.01：138
2、王士菁著．杜诗今注：巴蜀书社，1999.12：453
望牛头寺创作背景
此诗大约是唐代宗广德元年（763年），杜甫游梓州郪县西南牛头寺时所作，时年五十二岁。这一年间，杜甫因陪一些官员游赏蜀国山水，曾到阆州（四川阆中），游牛头、兜率、惠义诸寺。
参考资料：
1、郭谦著．盛唐十大诗人交往史录：电子科技大学出版社，2014.03：179
望牛头寺鉴赏
该诗是杜甫往牛头山拜访鹤林禅师后，下山回望的记述。
“牛头见鹤林，梯径绕幽林。”诗人拜见禅师后，感觉到禅机深奥高妙，犹如上山来的山经，盘旋曲折，穿云绕雾，难见真面目。描写牛头寺的景色，表示诗人对禅居生活及心境的向往。
“春色浮天外，天河宿殿阴。”待诗人更上一层楼，顿觉所要寻者，原来睹面就是。浮动在远山上的春景、晚上的银河，无一不是。在这里，衲子们不舍夜昼，布道传灯，向往那黄金敷地的琉璃世界。至此，诗人法喜充满，禅悦遍布。
诗人接着感叹传播佛法并不容易，但禅师仍然慈悲传法。
理解到此，诗人对佛法与鹤林禅师充满了尊敬和感激之情，但也不执着于此，所以说“回看不住心”。是啊，如此清修净境，诗人很向往之。诗人年纪也大了，不适合再作狂吟之事了，是该收收心，静心下来好好修心养性了。其实，收住自己的妄心而安住清凉界也会更加自在。
杜甫写有禅诗数十首，中多论禅礼佛之句。从此可看出杜甫于佛法确有所得，领会《金刚经》“应无所往，而生其心”的义理。从他的一生虽困苦不堪，但始终“哀而不伤”的中庸境界来看，诗人的确是从佛法中得到了利益，同时也表现出诗人心系禅悦的心迹。
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陶渊明《
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乙巳岁三月为建威参军使都经钱溪》
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李贺《
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绿章封事》
杜甫简介
唐代·杜甫的简介
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杜甫（712－770），字子美，自号少陵野老，世称“杜工部”、“杜少陵”等，汉族，河南府巩县（今河南省巩义市）人，唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，杜甫被世人尊为“诗圣”，其诗被称为“诗史”。杜甫与李白合称“李杜”，为了跟另外两位诗人李商隐与杜牧即“小李杜”区别开来，杜甫与李白又合称“大李杜”。他忧国忧民，人格高尚，他的约1400余首诗被保留了下来，诗艺精湛，在中国古典诗歌中备受推崇，影响深远。759-766年间曾居成都，后世有杜甫草堂纪念。
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