绿章封事
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唐代]：李贺
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青霓扣额呼宫神，鸿龙玉狗开天门。
石榴花发满溪津，溪女洗花染白云。
绿章封事咨元父，六街马蹄浩无主。
虚空风气不清冷，短衣小冠作尘土。
金家香弄千轮鸣，扬雄秋室无俗声。
愿携汉戟招书鬼，休令恨骨填蒿里。
绿章封事译文及注释
译文
道士穿着青霓长袍呼请天宫的守护神，鸿龙玉狗听见他的声音打开了天门。
只见石榴花盛开，布满了溪水两岸，神女采洗石榴花，以涂染天上的白云。
绿章封事呈给天帝，奏文中向他倾诉：长安六条街马蹄杂沓，失去了主宰。
目前空气极不清爽，时疫流行，一般人染病而死，化为尘埃。
金家所在巷道里香气飘荡，车轮轰鸣，扬雄的书屋中冷冷清清，没有世俗的热闹声。
但愿拿着汉戟招回寒士书生的魂魄，不让他们的尸骨长期被埋在荒草丛中。
注释
绿章：又叫青词，道士祭天用的祭文。
夜醮（jiào）：道士祭天的一种仪式。
青霓（ní）：一作“青猊”。
鸿龙玉狗：守天门的神兽。
石榴二句：设想天门打开之后，道士看到的景象。
元父：元气之父。指的是天帝。
六街：长安。唐朝长安有左右六街。
虚空风气：空气。
短衣小冠：指普通人。
金家：显贵人家。汉朝金日磾是匈奴人，但是归顺汉朝，子孙几代显贵。
扬雄：字子云，汉朝著名文士，生活贫寒，这里借指一般寒士。秋室：冷落的书屋。无俗声：没有嘈杂的声音，只有读书声。
书鬼：书生的鬼魂。
蒿里：死人的墓地。
参考资料：
1、冯浩非 徐传武．李贺诗选译．成都：巴蜀书社，1991：35-37
绿章封事创作背景
李唐王朝崇尚道教，因此社会上打醮求神、祈福消祸之举，风靡一时。李贺对此十分不满，因此借着吴道士设坛打醮为由头，发表一番感叹。根据“六街马蹄浩无主”诗句，可知此诗写于诗人供职长安期间，但具体写作年月，无法确知。
参考资料：
1、吴企明 编选．李贺集．南京：凤凰出版社，2014：84-86
绿章封事鉴赏
此诗侧重于对天神世界的描写。诗人有感而发，由道士夜晚打醮而驰骋艺术想象。前四句写仙界之美，描写吴道士身着青霓袍，腾飞入太空，叩头请求守护天宫的神兽打开宫门，看到的是仙女洗石榴花把白云染成彩云，天帝审阅道士发来的奏章，才知道天下大早，天气炎热，死了不少人。作者以此展开议论，认为富人平时享尽荣华富贵，这回热死、干死也已经没有什么遗恨，只是那些寒士书生尚未享受世间的欢乐，就这么热死、干死，实在太可惜，活着的人也会为他们抱恨无穷。这写出了人间之枯荣不等。因此诗人希望能用汉戟招回寒士书生的魂魄，别让他们的尸骨长期被埋在荒草丛中。重人贵生，这是道家、道教学说中最重要的思想，亦是其最有价值的理论成果之一。从《老子》所强调的“摄生”、“贵生”、“自爱”和“长生久视”，《庄子》所说的“保生”、“全生”、“尽年”、“尊生”，《吕氏春秋》所说的“贵生重己”，到《太平经》主张的“乐生”、“重生”，以及其它的道书如《老子想尔注》、《老子河上公章句》、《周易参同契》、《抱朴子内篇》、《西升经》、《度人经》、《悟真篇》等，始终贯穿着重人贵生的思想传统。这首诗写景写事抒情有机结合，用对神仙世界的肯定来否定现实世界。突出仙界之美，为的是反衬“虚空风气不清冷，短衣小冠作尘土”的人间事实，表面看是写“绿章封事咨元父”的道教科仪，实际上是要揭露社会的不平。“愿携汉戟招书鬼，休令恨骨填蒿里”，正表现了道教重人贵生的道教思想。
诗中运用对比手法，使天宫的清丽和人间的浑浊形成巨大反差，在鲜明的对立之中诉说人间的不平，诗人明知道士打醮是虚妄的行为，不过是随感而发，揭示出京城炎热疠疾作祟、百姓遭殃的情状，也反映出寒士的遭际。诗人将扬雄比况自己，诗思归结到“寒士”身上，最终表达的是感士不遇的普遍主题。
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杜甫《
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望牛头寺》
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崔道融《
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溪上遇雨二首》
李贺简介
唐代·李贺的简介
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李贺（约公元791年-约817年），字长吉，汉族，唐代河南福昌（今河南洛阳宜阳县）人，家居福昌昌谷，后世称李昌谷，是唐宗室郑王李亮后裔。有“诗鬼”之称，是与“诗圣”杜甫、“诗仙”李白、“诗佛”王维相齐名的唐代著名诗人。著有《昌谷集》。李贺是中唐的浪漫主义诗人，与李白、李商隐称为唐代三李。有“‘太白仙才，长吉鬼才’之说。李贺是继屈原、李白之后，中国文学史上又一位颇享盛誉的浪漫主义诗人。李贺长期的抑郁感伤，焦思苦吟的生活方式，元和八年（813年）因病辞去奉礼郎回昌谷，27岁英年早逝。
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