西江月·渔父词
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宋代]:辛弃疾
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千丈悬崖削翠,一川落日镕金。白鸥来往本无心。选甚风波一任。
别浦鱼肥堪脍,前村酒美重斟。千年往事已沈沈。闲管兴亡则甚。
西江月·渔父词译文及注释
译文
陡峭的绿崖有千丈余高,落日照在江面上泛着金光。白鸥翔游是它的天性,既然风波无法预料又何必管它?
鱼肥美新鲜,正是吃鱼的好时节,前村好酒值得喝干了再斟。前事已随时间深埋,兴盛或是衰败又有何关系?
注释
西江月:词牌名,此体双调五十六字,上下片各四句,三平韵。
削翠:陡峭的绿崖。
一川:犹满川。镕金:熔化金属。亦特指熔化黄金。
选甚:不论怎么。
别浦:河流入江海之处称浦,或称别浦。脍:把鱼切成薄片。
沉沉:悠远。
则甚:做甚,做什么。
参考资料:
1、王延梯.辛弃疾词选:山东大学出版社,1999:35
2、傅承洲.苏辛词传:吉林人民出版社,1999:280
3、徐汉明.辛弃疾全集校注:华中科技大学出版社,2012:505-506
西江月·渔父词创作背景
淳熙五年(1178),辛弃疾由临安赴湖北任转运副使,舟行江上,过采石矶时创作了这首词。
参考资料:
1、徐汉明.辛弃疾全集校注:华中科技大学出版社,2012:505-506
西江月·渔父词鉴赏
这首词是写江行采石所见所感的,虽自称“戏作”,其实寄慨遥深。
上片写江行所见。“干丈悬崖”,言采石江岸高峻陡峭;“削翠”,言江岸壁立如削,却草木葱茏。如果说“千丈”句写江岸,而“一川”句则写江水。廖世美《好事近》词说:“落日水镕金。”此句化用廖词,言落日的余辉照射在江面上,一川江水像镕金那样灿烂。落日熔金,悬崖削翠,作者从这两个侧面,表现出采石水光山色之壮美。“白鸥”句写江上的沙鸥;“选甚”句写江上的游人。白鸥在江上自由飞翔,毫无戒心,与人和谐相处;而人则乘舟遨游,任其所之。张志和《渔歌子》说“能纵棹,惯乘流,长江白浪不曾忧”,还谈什么“今日任风波”,则其江行之安闲可知。
下片写江行所感。“别浦”二句写江行生活。“别浦”句映带开头两句,写长江沿岸水产丰富,鱼蟹肥美,可供享用。“前村”,和“别浦”对应,言前行途中有江村可以沽酒。“重斟”二字,足见其逢酒必饮。苏轼《渔父》词说:“酒无多少醉为期,彼此不论钱数。”又说:“酒醒还醉醉还醒,不论人间今古。”“前村美酒重斟”,似与苏词意近,所不同者,苏写渔父,辛写自己而已。采石为江防要地,历代南北战争,多于此渡江。宋开宝七年(974),曹彬率师攻取南唐,于此渡江不必说了。隋开皇九年(589),韩擒虎灭陈,也是由此济师。至于东汉、晋、梁之师,出入建康,率皆由此。因而,采石成为历代王朝兴衰的历史见证。“千年”二句,言上述历史的变革,王朝的兴衰,均已成为往事而销声匿迹,为何还去管他?作者借渔父之口出以旷达之语,实质上是反映了他对南宋朝廷的失望和不满。不管兴亡,正是对于兴亡之事的执着,这里不过是故作反语而已。在稼轩词中反映出世思想的作品,有些是出于一时的愤激,有些则的确表达了真情实感,必须根据作者当时的具体处境,结合同时的其他作品,以及这类词篇的本源,来作全面而具体的分析。
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王建《
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南涧》
辛弃疾简介
唐代·辛弃疾的简介
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辛弃疾(1140-1207),南宋词人。原字坦夫,改字幼安,别号稼轩,汉族,历城(今山东济南)人。出生时,中原已为金兵所占。21岁参加抗金义军,不久归南宋。历任湖北、江西、湖南、福建、浙东安抚使等职。一生力主抗金。曾上《美芹十论》与《九议》,条陈战守之策。其词抒写力图恢复国家统一的爱国热情,倾诉壮志难酬的悲愤,对当时执政者的屈辱求和颇多谴责;也有不少吟咏祖国河山的作品。题材广阔又善化用前人典故入词,风格沉雄豪迈又不乏细腻柔媚之处。由于辛弃疾的抗金主张与当政的主和派政见不合,后被弹劾落职,退隐江西带湖。
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顾况
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