细雨
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唐代]：李商隐
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帷飘白玉堂，簟卷碧牙床。
楚女当时意，萧萧发彩凉。
细雨译文及注释
译文
阵阵细雨好像是白玉堂飘下的帷帘，又像是从碧牙床上翻卷下来的竹席。
当时的神女沐浴披拂着光彩照人的秀发，就像这是气氛变得清凉的细雨。
注释
帷：帷帘，这里指细雨从天而降，形同疏帘。
白玉堂，指天宫，相传中唐诗人李贺临死时，看见天上使者传天帝令召唤他上天给新建的白玉楼撰写记文。
簟（diàn）：竹席。碧牙床：喻指天空，蔚蓝澄明的天空好像用碧色象牙雕塑成的卧床。
楚女：指《楚辞·九歌·少司命》里描写的神女。
萧萧：清凉的。
发彩：形容秀发光泽华润。
参考资料：
1、吉林大学中文系．唐诗鉴赏大典（十一）：吉林大学出版社，2009：226
2、李商隐 著 黄世中 选注．李商隐诗选：中华书局，2006：21-22
细雨创作背景
这首诗大约作于大和三年（829），当时作者获得了考取进士的资格，但因其没有什么背景，初试失败，同年，令狐楚为天平军节度使（治郓州，今山东东平县），赞赏他的文才，请他到幕府里去做巡官，一场细雨后而作此诗。
参考资料：
1、李商隐 著 黄世中 选注．李商隐诗选：中华书局，2006：21-22
2、周振甫．李商隐选集：江苏教育出版社 凤凰出版传媒集团，2005：45
细雨鉴赏
这首诗笔法全属正面铺陈，不过是发挥了比喻及想象的功能，写得灵活而新鲜。
诗篇一上来打了两个比方蔚蓝清澈的天空好像用碧色象牙雕塑成的卧床。这里将细雨由天上洒落，想象为好像天宫白玉堂前飘拂下垂的帷幕，又像是从天空这张碧牙床上翻卷下来的簟席。帷幕、簟席都是织纹细密而质地轻软的物件，用它们作比拟，既体现出细雨的密致形状，也描画了细雨随风飘洒的轻盈灵姿。接下来，诗人再借用神话传说材料作进一步形容。楚女，《楚辞·九歌·少司命》里描写的神女，诗中曾写到她在天池沐浴后曝晒、梳理自己头发的神情。
这里说：想象神女当时的情态，那茂密的长发从两肩披拂而下，熠熠地闪着光泽，萧萧地传达凉意，如同作者眼前洒落的细雨。这个比喻不仅更为生动地写出了细雨的诸项特征，还特别富于韵致，引人遐想。整首诗联想丰富，意境优美，如“帷飘”、“簟卷”的具体形象，“白玉”、“碧牙”、“发彩”的设色烘托，“萧萧”的清凉气氛，尤其是神女情态的虚拟想象，合成了一幅神奇谲幻、瑰丽多彩的画面。比较起来，于这首诗主题相似的《微雨》偏于写实作风，而此诗则更多浪漫情味，从中反映出作者咏物的多样化笔调。
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佚名《
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阮郎归·春风吹雨绕残枝》
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刘基《
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五月十九日大雨》
李商隐简介
唐代·李商隐的简介
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李商隐，字义山，号玉溪（谿）生、樊南生，唐代著名诗人，祖籍河内（今河南省焦作市）沁阳，出生于郑州荥阳。他擅长诗歌写作，骈文文学价值也很高，是晚唐最出色的诗人之一，和杜牧合称“小李杜”，与温庭筠合称为“温李”，因诗文与同时期的段成式、温庭筠风格相近，且三人都在家族里排行第十六，故并称为“三十六体”。其诗构思新奇，风格秾丽，尤其是一些爱情诗和无题诗写得缠绵悱恻，优美动人，广为传诵。但部分诗歌过于隐晦迷离，难于索解，至有“诗家总爱西昆好，独恨无人作郑笺”之说。因处于牛李党争的夹缝之中，一生很不得志。死后葬于家乡沁阳（今河南焦作市沁阳与博爱县交界之处）。作品收录为《李义山诗集》。
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