虞美人·梳楼
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宋代]：蒋捷
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丝丝杨柳丝丝雨。春在溟濛处。楼儿忒小不藏愁。几度和云飞去、觅归舟。
天怜客子乡关远。借与花消遣。海棠红近绿阑干。才卷朱帘却又、晚风寒。
虞美人·梳楼译文及注释
参考资料：
1、毕桂发．毛泽东批阅古典诗词曲赋全编：中国工人出版社，1997：1403
2、郑竹青，周双利．中华诗词经典：学习出版社，2011：3027
虞美人·梳楼创作背景
这首词的具体创作时间已不详。咸淳三年（公元1267年），元灭南宋。蒋捷用词作来抒发黍离之悲、铜驼荆棘之感，表现悲欢离合的个人遭遇，其中《虞美人·梳楼》便是这一时期创作中的代表作。
参考资料：
1、姚小鸥．宋代名家词选 ：海南出版社，1994：955
虞美人·梳楼鉴赏
这是一首描写羁旅他乡凄迷心境的词。蒋捷这首词，字字锤炼，用句精巧，但也平淡，也是一首不可多得的佳作。
“丝丝杨柳丝丝雨，春在溟蒙处。”杨柳丝丝，细雨绵绵，柳丝轻拂。烟雨笼罩的远处，一派迷蒙缥缈的景象。这二句如一幅精心细琢的工笔画。以“杨柳”、“细雨”绘出江南春雨图。“丝丝”逼真地再现了柳枝的柔姿，描画了春雨连绵不断的形象。也喻指丝丝愁绪。词的起句重复出现了“丝丝”这一叠词，因而产生了特定的渲染效果，加强了词的丰富的内涵。读来琅琅上口，增强了词的艺术美感。
下面转入伤怀的心理描写：“楼儿忒小不藏愁”，南宋末年，国事江河日下。词人对前途感到无穷忧虑。心中的愁苦郁积，遇感而发。乡愁在文人眼里是一个永远抹不去的痛。古人写之多样，蒋捷此句则以“楼儿忒小”藏不下作喻。“藏”字，表现了隐忍、按捺已久。但以其愁太多，楼儿忒小，因而这“愁”摆脱小楼的羁绊。“几度和云飞去觅归舟”了。“几度”一词，渲染了词人思归之情的执着与痴迷。然而幻想只能是暂时的避难所，只能徒增忧愁。
急切盼归却不成之后，词人只好“天怜客子乡关远，借与花消遣”。“天怜”，点明题旨，把客愁乡思表现得更加突出。但“天”怜则怜矣，只能“借与花消遣”。“借”指客居他乡，花非我有，也只能“借”之而已！一“怜”一“借”中，婉转含蓄地表达了他乡孑然之苦，愁苦难消的复杂心理活动。
“海棠红近绿栏杆。才卷朱帘又晚风寒。”承“花消遣”而来，海棠临栏，红绿相映。细雨中的海棠，颜色自非一般。词人在这里写的是雨中海棠。词人羁旅已久，韶华已逝，思乡欲归，心境黯然。然而目触之处却是竞相红艳的红海棠，对比之下，更增添心中伤愁。貌似红绿眼的场景，实际上却暗含了凄凉之意。何况卷帘之际，迎面而来的又是那令人心寒的晚风呢。
这是一首词景交融的佳作。起笔点染景物，写词人凄迷愁苦的心境，使人思归。词中匠心独运，写“愁”多，用“楼”小作衬托。写哀愁，用海棠反衬。恰如王夫之所说，这里是用“乐景写哀”，起到“一倍增其哀乐”之效果。词中语言清新素淡，雕琢之下，不仍平淡之本色，是其艺术之最大特色。
然而，本词的主人公看成是作者塑造的一个女主人公形象更说得通！
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于濆《
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戍卒伤春》
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明余庆《
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从军行》
蒋捷简介
唐代·蒋捷的简介
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蒋捷（生卒年不详），字胜欲，号竹山，宋末元初阳羡（今江苏宜兴）人。先世为宜兴巨族，咸淳十年（1274）进士。南宋亡，深怀亡国之痛，隐居不仕，人称“竹山先生”、“樱桃进士”，其气节为时人所重。长于词，与周密、王沂孙、张炎并称“宋末四大家”。其词多抒发故国之思、山河之恸 、风格多样，而以悲凉清俊、萧寥疏爽为主。尤以造语奇巧之作，在宋季词坛上独标一格，有《竹山词》1卷，收入毛晋《宋六十名家词》本、《疆村丛书》本；又《竹山词》2卷，收入涉园景宋元明词续刊本。
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