田舍
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宋代]：范成大
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呼唤携锄至，安排筑圃忙。
儿童眠落叶，鸟雀噪斜阳。
烟火村声远，林菁野气香。
乐哉今岁事，天末稻云黄。
田舍译文及注释
译文
大家呼唤着扛着锄头出了村庄，匆匆忙忙地修筑着打谷场。
小孩子欢快地躺在落叶堆里玩耍，斜阳中一群群鸟雀喳喳叫得忙。
远远的村中传来阵阵笑语，炊烟袅袅；田野上林木与野草散发着迷人的芳香。
今年真是个高兴的年头，一望无际的稻田已是一片金黄。
注释
⑴田舍：农家。
⑵筑圃（pǔ）：修筑打谷场。
⑶菁（jīng）：水草。
⑷天末：天边。这里是指稻田一望无际。
田舍创作背景
这首诗是作者晚年闲居石湖，一日欣赏农家风光后有感而作。
参考资料：
1、李梦生．宋诗三百首全解：复旦大学出版社，2007：243-244
田舍鉴赏
这是首写农家生活的五律，重点描绘秋收前的片段。
诗以欢快的节奏开始，说农民们互相呼唤着，拿起锄头，忙忙碌碌地赶着修筑打谷场。秋收是农民一年的寄托所在，从起首两句，人们马上可以感受到今年的收成一定不错。范成大的诗，善于在首联渲染气氛，为全诗的主题作好铺垫，这首诗可作代表。
以下，诗忽然掉开，不写筑场打谷事，转说小孩子睡在落叶上玩耍，鸟雀在斜阳下热闹地飞鸣，远处村庄升起了袅袅炊烟，原野中草木发出浓郁的香气。这两联，着力对农村作描写，落叶、鸟雀及野景都点明节令是秋天，是收获的季节。写小孩子无忧无虑地玩，从侧面反映了大人们忙于准备秋收的喜悦。鸟雀到了傍晚，总是成群地在稻田上空飞翔啄食，“鸟雀噪斜阳”不是经历过的人写不出来。作者选录的每一幅场景，都带有欢乐气息在内，于是诗出齐尾联，不再傍写，直接说明今年真快乐，田野里的稻子一片金黄，像云彩一般，一直铺到与天相连，丰收已经在望了。这样，通过末联的明点，前数联所表现的欢快都得到了落实。
这首诗，首尾呼应，中间采用了几组跳跃性的镜头，忽写筑场，忽写儿童，忽写鸟雀，忽写村庄，看似各自为政，不相统属，而以“丰收”这条线作感情上的贯穿，烘托点染出一派庆祝丰收的喜悦景象，收到了很好的艺术效果。这首诗，很像是范成大在《秋日田园杂兴》中写的打谷的场面：“新筑场泥镜面平，家家打稻趁霜晴。笑歌声里轻雷动，一夜连枷响到明。”这一派欢乐的景象，正是这首《田舍》诗所表现的内容的继续。
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辛弃疾《
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汉宫春·会稽秋风亭观雨》
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王安石《
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即事》
范成大简介
唐代·范成大的简介
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范成大（1126-1193），字致能，号称石湖居士。汉族，平江吴县（今江苏苏州）人。南宋诗人。谥文穆。从江西派入手，后学习中、晚唐诗，继承了白居易、王建、张籍等诗人新乐府的现实主义精神，终于自成一家。风格平易浅显、清新妩媚。诗题材广泛，以反映农村社会生活内容的作品成就最高。他与杨万里、陆游、尤袤合称南宋“中兴四大诗人”。
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