春夜别友人二首·其二
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唐代]：陈子昂
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紫塞白云断，青春明月初。
对此芳樽夜，离忧怅有馀。
清冷花露满，滴沥檐宇虚。
怀君欲何赠，愿上大臣书。
春夜别友人二首·其二译文及注释
译文
紫色边塞隔断白云，春天时节明月初升。
面对如此美酒良辰，遭逢别离惆怅满胸。
花瓣挂满清凉露珠，檐边滴尽水珠叮咚。
思君念君想赠什么？献书论政是我初衷。
注释
悠悠：遥远。洛阳道：通往洛阳的路。
紫塞：原指长城，其土紫色。这里泛指北方边塞。
青春：此指春天。
滴沥：形容滴水。
大臣书：《汉书·东方朔传》载，汉武帝即位，征求天下才士，东方朔便上书自荐，自称可以当“天子大臣”。陈子昂在光宅元年（684年）以布衣身份，诣阙进上《谏灵驾入京书》和《谏政理书》，可谓上了“大臣书”。
参考资料：
1、王岚 译注．陈子昂诗文选译．成都：巴蜀书社，1994：107-109
春夜别友人二首·其二创作背景
陈子昂《春夜别友人二首》约作于武则天光宅元年（684年）春。这时年方二十六岁的陈子昂告别家乡四川射洪，奔赴东都洛阳，准备向朝廷上书，求取功名。临行前，友人在一个温馨的夜晚设宴欢送他。席间，友人的一片真情触发了作者胸中的诗潮。旋即写成这组离别之作。
参考资料：
1、陶慕渊 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典．上海：上海辞书出版社，1983：50-51
春夜别友人二首·其二鉴赏
这首诗诗继续写宴会上的情景，诗人向友人坦露心胸，表明自己此行是向朝廷上书论政，倾吐自己立志为国建功立业的宏大理想。
后首诗开头“紫塞白云断，青春明月初”二句写景，前句写旅程之展望，为虚写；后句写眼前之场景，是实写。此联形式上为对仗，内容上既点明诗题的“春夜”，又可见一种高迈的情怀。接着“对此芳樽夜，离忧怅有馀”二句，是说虽然处于良辰美景之中，但在这个充斥着离情别意的场面上，一切都变得黯然，用的是以乐景写哀情的反衬手法。五六二句“清冷花露满，滴沥檐宇虚”渲染了离别时的凄冷情境，这两句与前首五六两句意境相通，寓情于景，从景物描写中可见人物心理，表达出朋友离别依依不舍的深情。最后二句作者自豪地向友人宣告：“怀君欲何赠？愿上大臣书。”表明作者此行非为其他，而是向国家献书论政，本是为了政治事业。因此他对友人没有什么世俗礼品可赠，只愿他们能理解和支持自己的这次远行。由于有这样的思想基础，因而诗篇虽略有感伤色彩，但基调却高昂明快，并不给人以任何低徊悲抑之感。
这组诗因反复渲染离情而带上了一层淡淡的愁绪，但作者并没有套用长吁短叹的哀伤语句，却在沉静之中见深挚的情愫。而要达到这样的境界，应不温不火。“火”则悲吟太过而感情浅露；“温”则缺乏蕴藉而情致不深。诗写离情别绪意态从容而颇合体度，有如琵琶弦上的淙淙清音，气象至为雍雅，不作哀声而多幽深的情思。
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赵彦端《
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点绛唇·途中逢管倅》
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苏轼《
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菩萨蛮·西湖》
陈子昂简介
唐代·陈子昂的简介
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陈子昂（约公元661～公元702），唐代文学家，初唐诗文革新人物之一。字伯玉，汉族，梓州射洪(今属四川)人。因曾任右拾遗，后世称为陈拾遗。光宅进士，历仕武则天朝麟台正字、右拾遗。解职归乡后受人所害，忧愤而死。其存诗共100多首，其中最有代表性的是《感遇》诗38首，《蓟丘览古赠卢居士藏用》7首和《登幽州台歌》。
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