醉赠刘二十八使君
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唐代]：白居易
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诗称国手徒为尔，命压人头不奈何。
举眼风光长寂寞，满朝官职独蹉跎。
醉赠刘二十八使君译文及注释
译文
你为我热情拿过酒杯添满酒同饮共醉，我们一起拿筷子击打盘儿吟唱诗歌。
虽然你诗才一流堪称国手也只是如此，但命中注定你不能出人头地也没有办法。
抬眼看到的人都荣耀体面而你却长守寂寞，满朝官员都有了自己满意的位置而你却虚渡光阴。
也知道你应该被才高名显所累，但这二十三年的损失也太多了。
注释
刘二十八使君：即刘禹锡。
引：本意为用力拉开弓。这里形容诗人用力拿过朋友的酒杯，不容拒绝。说明诗人的热情、真诚和豪爽。
箸（zhù）：筷子。
举：抬。
蹉跎（cuō tuó）：不顺利，虚渡光阴。
合被：应该被。合，应该。是与命中注定相符合的应该。例：《说唐全传》：合当归位。
才名：才气与名望。
二十三年：刘禹锡于公元805年（唐顺宗永贞元年）旧历九月被贬连州刺史，赴任途中再贬朗州司马。十年后，奉诏入京，又复贬任连州刺史，转夔、和二州刺史。直至公元827年（唐文宗大和元年），方得回京，预计回到京城时，已达二十三年之久。
醉赠刘二十八使君鉴赏
表达诗人对刘禹锡的深深理解和真诚劝慰，同时也对其遭遇深表同情和不平。
这首诗，对刘禹锡二十三年的坎坷遭遇，表示了无限感慨和不平。诗人说：你远在边远之地，过着寂寞的生活，满朝那么多官员，唯独你多次被贬外任；我深知你才高名重，却偏偏遭逢不公的对待，这二十三年，你失去的太多了。怨愤与对友人的同情溢于言表，见其直率与坦诚，亦见其与刘禹锡友情之深厚。为此，刘禹锡作了一首酬答诗，即著名的《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》。
"诗称国手徒为尔，命压人头不奈何。"这句是抱怨刘禹锡的怀才不遇。虽然写诗才华横溢，但命运始终让人无可奈何。表达的应该是乐天对刘禹锡悲惨遭遇的同情和愤恨。虽然说命运不可逆转，但实际上是把矛头指向满朝的官吏和当权者的，抱怨他们不珍惜人才。
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吴伟业《
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遇旧友》
白居易简介
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白居易（772年－846年），字乐天，号香山居士，又号醉吟先生，祖籍太原，到其曾祖父时迁居下邽，生于河南新郑。是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，唐代三大诗人之一。白居易与元稹共同倡导新乐府运动，世称“元白”，与刘禹锡并称“刘白”。白居易的诗歌题材广泛，形式多样，语言平易通俗，有“诗魔”和“诗王”之称。官至翰林学士、左赞善大夫。公元846年，白居易在洛阳逝世，葬于香山。有《白氏长庆集》传世，代表诗作有《长恨歌》、《卖炭翁》、《琵琶行》等。
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