与东吴生相遇
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唐代]:韦庄
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十年身事各如萍,白首相逢泪满缨。
老去不知花有态,乱来唯觉酒多情。
贫疑陋巷春偏少,贵想豪家月最明。
且对一尊开口笑,未衰应见泰阶平。
与东吴生相遇译文及注释
译文
十年来身世漂泊若浮萍,白发相逢涕泪沾满冠缨。
人老了不知道花有美态,离乱时只觉得酒甚多情。
贫居陋巷怀疑春天也少,贵居豪宅感觉月亮最明。
姑且对着这尊美酒大笑,未衰之年应见海内清平。
注释
东吴生:姓名及生平事迹均不详,当是诗人初到润州或建康时结识的朋友。
十年:诗人从唐僖宗中和三年(883年)流落江南起,直到唐昭宗乾宁元年(894年)擢第,历十二年。此举成数。身事:指人的经历和遭遇。一作“身世”。
白首:犹白发。表示年老。
老去:谓人渐趋衰老。
乱:指唐末战乱。
陋巷:简陋的巷子。
豪家:指有钱有势的人家。
且对:一作“独对”。开口笑:欢乐貌。
泰阶:古星座名。即三台。上台、中台、下台共六星,两两并排而斜上,如阶梯,故名。古人认为泰阶星现,预兆风调雨顺,民康国泰。
参考资料:
1、张国举.唐诗精华注译评.长春:长春出版社,2010:803-804
与东吴生相遇创作背景
此诗题下有注:及第后出关作。这说明此诗是诗人进士及第后,一次出潼关路遇友人所作。当时作者已年近六十岁。
参考资料:
1、张国举.唐诗精华注译评.长春:长春出版社,2010:803-804
2、马君骅 等.唐诗鉴赏辞典.上海:上海辞书出版社,1983:1300-1301
与东吴生相遇鉴赏
原诗题下注:“及第后出关作。”诗人从公元883年(唐僖宗中和三年)流落江南起,直到公元894年(昭宗乾宁元年)擢第,历十二年,战乱频仍,颠沛流离,所以这首诗劈头便感慨万端地说:“十年身事各如萍”。诗人用随风飘泊的水上浮萍,刻画了自己流离失所的“十年身事”。“各”字表明东吴生与自己同是天涯沦落人,自不免同病相怜。
“白首相逢泪满缨”。按理,这时韦庄已登第,禄食有望,似不该与故人泪眼相对,但自己在外飘泊多年,已是五十九岁的人了。因此,遇故人便再也忍不住涕泗滂沱,泪满冠缨。
三、四句是挥泪叙旧的辛酸语。回想当年大家欢聚一起观花饮酒的情景,别是一番滋味在心头。此时诗人为痛苦折磨得衰老、麻木,似乎已不感觉到花儿是美丽的了,再也没有赏花的逸兴了。而酒与诗人却变得多情起来,因为乱世颠沛,年华蹉跎,只好借酒浇愁。细味诗意,字字酸楚。
五、六句是痛定思痛的激愤语。乱离社会,世态炎凉,“贫”与“贵”,“陋巷”与“豪家”,一边是啼饥号寒,一边是灯红酒绿,相距何其悬远。有才华的人偏被压在社会最下层,沾不到春风雨露;尸位素餐者偏是高踞豪门,吟风弄月。诗句是对上层统治者饱含泪水的控诉,也是对自己“十年身事”的不平鸣。
泪干了,愤闷倾吐了,诗人转而强作笑颜:“且对”一作“独对”,据题意以“且对”为允。泰阶,星名。古人认为泰阶星现,预兆风调雨顺,民康国泰。这两句是说:趁未衰之年,暂拚一醉,而破涕为笑,这是聊以解嘲;期望今后能河清海晏,国泰民安,这是自许和自慰。诗人就是怀着这样美好的愿望而开怀一笑。这一笑,既透露着老当益壮的激情,也透露着期望社稷郅治的心理。
全诗以“泪”始,以“笑”结,前后照应,关锁严密。“泪”是回顾,“笑”是前瞻。“泪满缨”说明诗人遭遇十年辛苦不寻常;“开口笑”说明诗人满怀信心向前看。一泪一笑,总括全诗,字挟风霜,声振金石。
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诸葛亮《
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后出师表》
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王绩《
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赠程处士》
韦庄简介
唐代·韦庄的简介
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韦庄(约836年─910年),字端己,杜陵(今中国陕西省西安市附近)人,诗人韦应物的四代孙,唐朝花间派词人,词风清丽,有《浣花词》流传。曾任前蜀宰相,谥文靖。
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