书河上亭壁
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宋代]：寇准
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岸阔樯稀波渺茫，独凭危槛思何长。
书河上亭壁译文及注释
译文
宽阔的黄河，只有不多几条船在航行，眼前是波浪滚滚，一派渺茫。我独自登上河边的亭子，斜靠着栏杆，愁绪像河水，源源不断。
那河边、远处，萧瑟秋风中，有片稀疏的树林，林后是耸立的高山，一半沐浴着西斜的阳光。
注释
这是四首（春、夏、秋、冬）组诗中的第三首。诗前有序，说明此诗是作者被贬谪时写的。
河，黄河。
凭，靠。危，高。
萧萧，风声。
危槛：高高的栏杆。
书河上亭壁创作背景
这首诗作于寇准三十七八岁时，前有小序，说在咸平元年（998年）镇河阳，说明此诗是作者被贬谪时写的。这是四首（春、夏、秋、冬）组诗中的第三首。
参考资料：
1、李梦生 ．宋诗三百首全解 ．上海 ：复旦大学出版社 ，2007年5月1日 ： 第9-10页 ．
书河上亭壁鉴赏
这是一首写景抒情绝句，题写在黄河边一座亭子的壁上。既然以秋天的景色为主，自然而然也就染上些“愁”色。
第一句从三个方面来描写黄河上的景象，一是“阔”，王湾的“潮平两岸阔”，被诗人浓缩为“岸阔”，江水浩渺，放眼望去，黄河恢宏阔大；二是“渺茫”，因为河阔，一眼望不到边，加上太阳快要下山，自然是“烟波微茫信难求”，看不到对岸；三是“樯稀”，河上没有几条船，虽然看不见“百舸争流”的热闹场面，却使人觉得河似乎更阔了，烟波似乎更渺茫了，河上的烟波又能给人一种什么样的感觉呢？
第二句的“思”字就回答了前面提出的问题，独自靠在亭边的栏杆上，诗人究竟在想些什么？也许想到了“耐可乘流直到天”，也许想到“欲渡黄河冰塞川”，也许想到“黄河落天走东海，万里泻入胸怀间”……性格刚毅的诗人此时也许荡上了一丝忧愁，但面对着“奔流到海不复回”的黄河，岂能“恨到归时方始休”呢？
第四句是这首诗最棒的一句，富有意境，它一下就让人联想起白居易《暮江吟》中的“一道残阳铺水中，半江瑟瑟半江红”来。这一半沐着柔和斜阳的秋山，虽然没有“霜叶红于二月花”的艳丽，却给人以安闲、亲切，也让人陶醉。至于那一半见不到阳光的秋山，诗人却不愿意提起，而心中那一份怅惘，在这壮丽的黄河落日图前又算得了什么？到此嘎然而止，还有多少余味，就让读者自己去品尝。
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刘因《
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山家》
寇准简介
唐代·寇准的简介
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莱国忠愍公寇准（961-1023），字平仲。汉族，华州下邽(今陕西渭南）人。北宋政治家﹑诗人。太平兴国五年进士，授大理评事，知归州巴东、大名府成安县。天禧元年，改山南东道节度使，再起为相（中书侍郎兼吏部尚书、同平章事、景灵宫使）。天圣元年 (1023) 九月，又贬寇准衡州司马，是时寇准病笃，诏至，抱病赴衡州（今衡阳）任，病故于竹榻之上，妻子宋氏奏乞归葬故里。皇佑四年，诏翰林学士孙抃撰神道碑，帝为篆其首曰“旌忠”。寇准善诗能文，七绝尤有韵味，今传《寇忠愍诗集》三卷。
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