梅花绝句二首·其一
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宋代]：陆游
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闻道梅花坼晓风，雪堆遍满四山中。
何方可化身千亿，一树梅花一放翁。
梅花绝句二首·其一译文及注释
译文
听说山上的梅花已经迎着春风绽放，远远望去，四周山上的梅花树就像一堆堆白雪一样。
有什么办法可以把自己变化成数亿身影呢？让每一棵梅花树前都有一个陆游常在。
注释
闻道：听说。
坼（chè）：裂开。这里是绽开的意思。
坼晓风：即在东风中开放。
雪堆:指梅花盛开像雪堆似的。
何方：有什么办法。
千亿：指能变成千万个放翁（陆游号放翁，字务观）。
梅花：一作梅前。
梅花绝句二首·其一创作背景
这首诗是组诗中的第一首。于公元1202年（嘉泰二年）一月，陆游退居故乡山阴时所作，陆游时年七十八岁。此时北宋灭国，陆游处于政治势力的边缘，长时间得不到当权派的重用，但他的心中确实仍有期待。当作者看到梅花有感而发。
参考资料：
1、邓绍基 周秀才 侯光复主编．中国古代十大诗人精品全集 陆游：大连出版社，1997年01月第1版：第336页
2、喻朝刚 王士博 徐翰逢．宋代文学作品选：吉林人民出版社，1981年03月第1版：第190页
3、中华农业科教基金会组编．农诗300首：中国农业出版社，2015.10：第276页
4、王莉主编．小学课本中的名家作品赏析大全：北京工业大学出版社，2013.08：第346页
梅花绝句二首·其一鉴赏
这首诗的首句写梅花绽放的情景。如第一句中“坼晓风”一词，突出了梅花不畏严寒的傲然情态；第二句中则把梅花比喻成白雪，既写出了梅花洁白的特点，也表现了梅花漫山遍野的盛况。语言鲜明，景象开阔。而三四两句更是出人意表，高迈脱俗，愿化身千亿个陆游，而每个陆游前都有一树梅花，把痴迷的爱梅之情淋漓尽致地表达了出来。
紧接的两句，突发奇思“何方可化身千亿，一树梅花一放翁”，意思是说，用什么办法能变出千万个放翁，使每一株梅花下面都有自己在那里分身欣赏。身化千亿，设想可谓奇妙之至。梅花与诗人面面对应，是梅耶？是人耶？一时实难轻分，这又是诗人命笔奇特之处。这两句虽是点化柳宗元“若为化得身千亿，散上峰头尽望乡”的诗意而来，但用在“雪堆遍满四山”的梅花世界中，不唯妥贴自然，而且情景相生极富有意趣。理由至少有三：以诗人78岁的高龄，面对树树姿态有异的梅山花海，一时当然不能逐个寻芳，所以化身分之赏之，自属妙想，此其一。又陆游年事虽高，但童心未泯，平时常有“梅花重压帽檐偏，曳杖行歌意欲仙”的“出格”举动惹人注目，此时他突发奇思，想学仙人的分身法，亦是童心使然，很合乎心理，此其二。再者陆游常以梅花自比，且心中常存伯仲之间不分高下的感觉，如今面对千万树盛开的梅花，诗人自负当然不甘心以一身仰视，须化身千亿才能与之匹敌相称，方不辜负诗人对梅花的一番感情。综观这三方面，此句表面上虽有借鉴之处，深入地体会实属情景相生之辞，正如当年林逋点化江为诗成梅花绝唱一样，均经过诗人的再创造，融会陶铸古人诗意而自出机杼，且能翻出新意，使诗更富有盎然的诗意和逗人入胜的意境。
前两句的写梅是为后两句写人作陪衬。面对梅花盛开的奇丽景象，诗人突发奇想，愿化身千亿个陆游，而每个陆游前都有一树梅花。这种丰富而大胆的想象，把诗人对梅花的喜爱之情淋漓尽致地表达了出来，同时也表现了诗人高雅脱俗的品格。末句之情，试在脑中拟想，能令人发出会心的微笑。
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何逊《
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陆游《
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梅花绝句·其一》
陆游简介
唐代·陆游的简介
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陆游（1125—1210），字务观，号放翁。汉族，越州山阴（今浙江绍兴）人，南宋著名诗人。少时受家庭爱国思想熏陶，高宗时应礼部试，为秦桧所黜。孝宗时赐进士出身。中年入蜀，投身军旅生活，官至宝章阁待制。晚年退居家乡。创作诗歌今存九千多首，内容极为丰富。著有《剑南诗稿》、《渭南文集》、《南唐书》、《老学庵笔记》等。
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