纳凉
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宋代]：秦观
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纳凉译文及注释
译文
携杖出门去寻找纳凉圣地，画桥南畔，绿树成荫，坐靠在胡床之上惬意非常。
寂寂明月夜，参差的笛声响起在耳边萦绕不觉，晚风初定，池中莲花盛开，幽香散溢，泌人心脾。
注释
倚胡床：坐靠胡床。倚：坐靠。
纳凉鉴赏
这句连用“携”、“来”、“追”三个动词，把诗人携杖出户后的动作，分出层次加以表现。其中“追”字更是曲折、含蓄地传达出诗人追寻理想中的纳凉胜处的内在感情，实自杜甫《羌村》“忆昔好追凉”句点化而成。这样，诗人急于从火海中解脱出来的情怀，通过一系列动作，就自然而然地表现出来。
次句具体指出了柳外纳凉地方的方位和临时的布置：“画桥南畔倚胡床。”这是一个绿柳成行，位于“画桥南畔”的佳处。诗人选好了目的地，安上胡床，依“倚”其上，尽情领略纳凉的况味。在诗人看来，这也可算“最是人间佳绝处”（《睡足轩》）了。胡床，即交椅，可躺卧。陶潜“倚南窗以寄傲”（《归去来兮辞》），是为了远离尘俗；秦观“倚胡床”以“追凉”，是为了驱解烦热，都是对美好生活的一种向往，他们或多或少是有相通之处的。
一二两句写仔细寻觅纳凉胜地。三四两句则展开了对它的美妙景色的描绘：“月明船笛参差起，风定池莲自在香。”月明之夜，船家儿女吹着短笛，笛声参差而起，在水面萦绕不绝。晚风初定，池中莲花盛开，自在幽香不时散溢，沁人心脾。诗人闲倚胡床，怡神闭目，不只感宫上得到满足，连心境也分外舒适。这两句采取了对偶句式，把纳凉时的具体感受艺术地组合起来，于是，一个纳凉胜地的自然景色，就活现在读者面前。
此诗以纳凉为题，诗中着力表现的是一个绝离烦热之处。诗人首先经过寻访，发现了这个处所的秘密，其次进行具体布置，置身其间，与外境融而为一，把思想感情寄托在另外一个“自清凉无汗”的世界。
宋人吕本中曾在《童蒙诗训》中评论“少游此诗闲雅严重”（《诗林广记》引），“闲雅”当指此诗词语上的特点而言，“严重”则涉及此诗严肃而郑重的内容。它很可能是秦观在仕途遭到挫折后的作品。
《纳凉》是一首描写景物的短诗。从字面上看，可以说没有反映什么社会生活内容。但是，透过诗句的表面，却隐约地表现出：诗人渴望远离的是炙手可热的官场社会，这就是他刻意追求一个理想中的清凉世界的原因。秦观是一个有用世之志的诗人。他对官场的奔竞倾夺表示厌弃，力求远避，此诗表达的就是这种感情。这种把创作念图隐藏在诗句背后的写法，读者应着意体会。
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秦观（1049-1100）字太虚，又字少游，别号邗沟居士，世称淮海先生。汉族，北宋高邮（今江苏）人，官至太学博士，国史馆编修。秦观一 生坎坷，所写诗词，高古沉重，寄托身世，感人至深。秦观生前行踪所至之处，多有遗迹。如浙江杭州的秦少游祠，丽水的秦少游塑像、淮海先生祠、莺花亭；青田的秦学士祠；湖南郴州三绝碑；广西横县的海棠亭、醉乡亭、淮海堂、淮海书院等。秦观墓在无锡惠山之北粲山上，墓碑上书“秦龙图墓”几个大字。有秦家村、秦家大院以及省级文物保护单位古文游台。
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