暑旱苦热
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宋代]：王令
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清风无力屠得热，落日着翅飞上山。
人固已惧江海竭，天岂不惜河汉干？
不能手提天下往，何忍身去游其间？
暑旱苦热译文及注释
译文
清风没有力量驱赶暑天的炎热，那西坠的太阳仿佛生了翅膀，飞旋在山头，不肯下降。
人们个个担心这样干旱江湖大海都要枯竭，难道老天就不怕耿耿银河被晒干？
高高的昆仑山有常年不化的积雪，遥远的蓬莱岛有永不消失的清凉。
我不能够携带天下人一起去避暑，又怎能忍心独自一个，到那儿去逍遥徜徉？
注释
屠：屠杀。这里意为止住、驱除。
着翅：装上翅膀。这里形容太阳腾空，久久不肯下山。
昆仑：昆仑山，中国西部高山，传说为擎天柱，是神仙东王公、西王母居住的地方。
蓬莱：传说中海中三仙岛之一。遗：留存。
参考资料：
1、李梦生．宋诗三百首全解：复旦大学出版社，2007：79-80
暑旱苦热鉴赏
此诗的开篇便不同凡响：“清风无力屠得热，落日着翅飞上山。”前句写“清风”，凉爽的风对驱暑显得无能为力，是指清风小而无力驱暑，用“清风无力”来衬托暑旱之甚，酷热难当。这句中的“屠”字下得尤为精妙。“屠”，是杀掉的意思。“屠得热”，即使“热”人格化了，又有力地表现了诗人恨暑热的情感。给读者描绘了一个美丽的画面：时值酷暑，大旱不雨，小河干涸了，土地龟裂了，禾苗枯萎了，而太阳又偏偏不肯下山，炎气蒸腾，热得人们坐立不安。
“人固已惧江海竭，天岂不惜河汉干？”这里的“天”著上了人的感情色彩，它不痛惜“河汉”（指银河）干涸，这与人害怕江海枯竭的心理形成了强烈的对比，字里行间渗透了诗人对老天爷的憎恨之情。可见，“人固已惧江海竭”还包含的潜台词：人们最害怕的还不是江海枯竭，而是因暑旱酷热自然灾害所带来的无力解决的生计问题。紧扣住了诗题“暑旱苦热”中的“苦”字。“河汉干”诸语，想象瑰奇，令人拍案叫绝。
这首诗的前四句主要是写暑旱酷热，反映诗人憎恨“热”、“天”之情，后面四句重在发抒诗人愿与天下共苦难的豪情，显示其博大的胸襟。
“昆仑之高有积雪，蓬莱之远常遗寒。”“昆仑”是中国西部的高山，上有终年不化的积雪；“蓬莱”是古代传说中渤海三座神山之一。这些都是诗人心目中无暑旱酷热之苦的清凉世界。诗人由“暑旱苦热”想到昆仑、蓬莱等现实与传说中的清凉世界，这是极其自然的。如此清凉世界对饱尝暑旱酷热之苦的诗人产生的吸引力之大也是可想而知的。
“不能手提天下往，何忍身去游其间？”，不能将整个世界拎在手里同去，又怎忍心只身独往那清凉世界昆仑和蓬莱山呢？诗人尽情抒发了愿与天下人共苦难的豪情，显示了其博大的胸襟。“手提天下”诸语，想象奇特，气魄宏伟，富有浪漫主义色彩。在王令的诗集中，此相类的诗句：“长星作慧倘可假，出手为扫中原清”（《偶闻有感》），“终当力卷沧溟水，来作人间十日霖”（《龙池二绝》其一）。
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王令（1032～1059）北宋诗人。初字钟美，后改字逢原。原籍元城（今河北大名）。 5岁丧父母，随其叔祖王乙居广陵（今江苏扬州）。长大后在天长、高邮等地以教学为生，有治国安民之志。王安石对其文章和为人皆甚推重。有《广陵先生文章》、《十七史蒙求》。
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