杂诗
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魏晋]：陶渊明
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人生无根蒂，飘如陌上尘。
分散逐风转，此已非常身。
落地为兄弟，何必骨肉亲！
得欢当作乐，斗酒聚比邻。
盛年不重来，一日难再晨。
及时当勉励，岁月不待人。
杂诗译文及注释
译文
人生在世就如无根之木、无蒂之花，又好似大路上随风飘转的尘土。
生命随风飘转，人生历尽了艰难，人们都已不再是最初的样子了。
来到这个世界上的都应该成为兄弟，又何必在乎骨肉之亲呢？
遇到高兴的事就应当作乐，有酒就要邀请近邻一起畅饮。
美好的青春岁月一旦过去便不会再重来，一天之中永远看不到第二次日出。
应当趁年富力强之时勉励自己努力奋斗，光阴流逝，并不等待人。
注释
蒂（dì）：瓜当、果鼻、花与枝茎相连处都叫蒂。陌：东西的路，这里泛指路。
此：指此身。非常身：不是经久不变的身，即不再是盛年壮年之身。
落地：刚生下来。
斗：酒器。比邻：近邻。
盛年：壮年。
及时：趁盛年之时。
杂诗鉴赏
陶渊明《杂诗》共有十二首，此为第一首。王瑶先生认为前八首“辞气一贯”，当作于同一年内，作于晋安帝义熙十年（414），时陶渊明五十岁，距其辞官归田已经八年。这是一组“不拘流例，遇物即言”（《文选》李善注）的杂感诗。可以说，慨叹人生之无常，感喟生命之短暂，是这组《杂诗》的基调。
无根蒂：形容飘泊不定。陌：路。这两句是说，人生在世就好像无根之木、无蒂之花，又好比是大路上随风飘转的尘土。
“分散随风转，此已非常身。”常身：常住之身。佛家认为常住之身具有永恒的法性，与死生变易无常的父母生身不同。这两句是说，由于命运变幻莫测，人生飘泊不定，种种遭遇和变故不断的改变着人，每一个人都不是最初的自我了。这四句诗，语虽寻常，却寓意奇崛，将人生比作无根之木、无蒂之花，是为一喻，再比作陌上尘，又是一喻，比中之比，象中之象，直把诗人深刻的人生体验写了出来，透露出至为沉痛的悲怆。
“落地为兄弟，何必骨肉亲？”落地：指诞生。这两句是说，既然每个人都已不是最初的自我，那又何必在乎骨肉之亲，血缘之情呢。来到这个世界上的都应该成为兄弟。
欢：欢愉。这两句是说，遇到高兴的事就应当作乐，有酒就应该聚在一起共饮。阅历的丰富往往使人对人生的悲剧性有更深刻的认识，年龄的增长常常使人更难以寻得生活中的欢乐和激动，处于政治黑暗时期的陶渊明更是如此。但他毕竟没有完全放弃美好的人生理想，本着“四海之内皆兄弟”的博爱精神，他转向官场宦海之外的自然去寻求美，在村居生活中去寻求精神上的欢乐，和村民们结下了深厚的情谊，这种欢乐平淡中和、明净淳朴。
难再晨：是说没有第二个早晨。这两句是说，壮年不会第二次到来，一天之内没有第二个早晨。这两句是说，趁着盛年之时应当勉励自己，光阴流逝不会等待人。
结尾四句常被人们用来勉励年轻人要抓紧时机，珍惜光阴，努力学习，奋发上进。在今天，一般读者对这四句诗作如此理解，未尝不可。但在这首诗中，陶渊明的本意却与此大相径庭，是鼓励人们要活在当下，及时行乐。既然生命是这么短促，人生是这么不可把握，社会是这么黑暗，欢乐是这么难得，那么，对于生活中偶尔出现的一点点欢乐，就应该倍加珍惜，不要轻易放过，要及时抓住它，尽情享受。这种及时行乐的思想，我们必须要放在特定的历史环境下加以考察。它是指示标志着一种人的觉醒，即在怀疑和否定旧有传统的标准和信仰的条件下，人对自己生命、意义、命运的重新发现、思索、把握和追求。陶渊明在自然中发现纯净的美，在村居生活中找到了质朴的人际关系，在田园劳动中得到了自我价值的实现。
这首诗起笔即命运之不可把握发出慨叹，读来使人感到迷惘、沉痛。继而稍稍振起，诗人执著的在生活中寻找友爱，寻找着欢乐，给人一线希望。终篇慷慨激越，使人为之感奋。全诗用语朴实无华，取譬来自生活，质如璞玉，然而内蕴却极丰富，波澜跌宕，发人深省。
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上一首：
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徐渭《
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题《墨葡萄图》》
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下一首：
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陶渊明《
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杂诗》
陶渊明简介
唐代·陶渊明的简介
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陶渊明（约365年—427年），字元亮，（又一说名潜，字渊明）号五柳先生，私谥“靖节”，东晋末期南朝宋初期诗人、文学家、辞赋家、散文家。汉族，东晋浔阳柴桑人（今江西九江）。曾做过几年小官，后辞官回家，从此隐居，田园生活是陶渊明诗的主要题材，相关作品有《饮酒》、《归园田居》、《桃花源记》、《五柳先生传》、《归去来兮辞》等。
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