秋日
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唐代]：耿湋
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反照入闾巷，忧来与谁语。
古道无人行，秋风动禾黍。
秋日译文及注释
译文
夕阳的斜照，射入了深深的闾巷，有谁和我说话，排解新来的忧伤。
古道荒凉，黄昏时很少看到行人，秋风掀动禾黍，我愁思绵绵无量。
注释
反照：即返照，夕阳的返光。闾（lǘ）巷：里巷，乡里。
忧来与谁语：一作“愁来谁共语”。
无：一作“少”。
禾黍（shǔ）：禾与黍。泛指黍稷稻麦等粮食作物。《史记·宋微子世家》：“麦秀渐渐兮，禾黍油油。”
秋日创作背景
曾经繁荣鼎盛的唐王朝经过安史之乱后，山河寥落，城乡破败。尤其是昔日繁华热闹的古城长安，更呈现出一番萧条凄凉的景象。诗人耿湋面对此情此景，感慨万千，无尽的悲哀涌上心头，因写下此诗。
参考资料：
1、蒙万夫 等．千家诗鉴赏辞典．西安：世界图书出版公司，2006：331-332
秋日鉴赏
这是一首抒发感伤情绪的咏史怀古诗，描绘秋日傍晚的寂静凄凉景色，抒发了满怀忧愁而又无人“共语”的悲哀，语言凝练，耐人寻味。
诗一开始从写静态的景入笔：一抹夕阳的余晖斜照在还留有残砖破瓦的街巷上。这凄凉的秋暮景色，不禁使诗人触景伤情，忧从中来。此时诗人希望有人能来听他诉说心中的忧伤。若能如此，或许能消释一点压在诗人心头的忧伤。次句紧承首句，“忧来与谁语”，可是环顾四周，竟空无一人，没有谁能来听自己倾诉。这两句诗，景中有情，情随景生。诗人以朴素简练的语言，点染出自己面对断垣残壁的空城时的悲哀，而此时的空城又恰恰是秋天里“反照入闾巷”时分的空城，这就更浓重地渲染出了作者此时的悲凉心情。
诗的后两句把人们的视线从近景引向远景：在冷清的古道上几乎看不到行人，只见古道旁杂草丛生的田野里，禾黍在秋风中瑟缩发抖。昔日喧闹的古道上，只有秋风吹禾黍发出的肃杀凄凉的声音，这声音使古道显得越发空旷寒寂，听了愈使人愁绪纷乱，心情悲伤。这里“秋风动禾黍”一句还暗合了《诗经·王风·黍离》之意。《王风·黍离》诗序说：“周大夫行役至于宗周，过故宗庙宫室，尽为禾黍。闵宗周之颠覆，彷徨不忍去。”作者在这里贴切自然地借“黍离之悲”抒发了昔盛今衰的无限惆怅之感。诗人在后两句诗中以极其洗练传神的笔墨轻轻地勾勒了几笔，虽无一字言“忧”，而“忧”意早已溢出言外，悠长不尽。
这首诗结构简单，但画面十分生动，令人读后易生苍凉之感。
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皮日休《
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馆娃宫怀古》
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李白《
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题元丹丘山居》
耿湋简介
唐代·耿湋的简介
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耿湋 [唐] （约公元七六三年前后在世），字洪源，河东（今属山西）人，唐代诗人。生卒年及生平均不详，约公元七六三年前后在世，大历十才子之一。登宝应元年进士第，官右拾遗。工诗，与钱起、卢纶、司空曙诸人齐名。湋诗不深琢削，而风格自胜。集三卷，今编诗二卷。
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