题木兰庙
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唐代]：杜牧
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弯弓征战作男儿，梦里曾经与画眉。
题木兰庙译文及注释
译文
花木兰女扮男装去参军打仗,一去就是十二年。她在梦乡里，也会和女伴们一起对镜梳妆；只是为了替爷从军、保家卫国，多次想回家时竭力克制着自己与边关将士大碗喝酒。想想木兰为了安靖边烽，万里从戎，她也将会和王昭君和亲，死留青冢一样，永远博得后世敬爱!
注释
木兰庙：《太平广记》云，黄州黄岗县（今属湖北武汉市黄陂区）木兰山，在县西一百五十里，今有木兰乡。木兰是一个民间传说故事中的人物，其故事可能产生于后魏，关于木兰的姓氏后人众说纷纭，应信有其人。
弯弓征战：言木兰代父征戎，勇敢善战。
拂云堆：在今内蒙古自治区的乌喇特西北，堆上有明妃祠。明妃：指王昭君。
题木兰庙创作背景
这首咏史诗是杜牧会昌年间任黄州刺史时，游历至木兰庙，触景怀古，为木兰庙题的。庙在湖北黄冈西一百五十里处的木兰山。
题木兰庙鉴赏
诗人一开头先从人物形象的外部特征落笔，用“弯弓征战”四个字，不但活灵活现地描绘出这位巾帼英雄的非凡气概和神韵，而且生动地再现了她征战十二年的戎马生涯。接着诗人进一步把笔触深入到人物的内心世界：“梦里曾经与画眉”。木兰姑娘虽身着戎装，南征北战，在血与火的考验中，不愧为英雄好汉。然而另一方面，她何尝不希望早日结束征战生涯，向往和平宁静的少女生活。“梦里”、“画眉”形象地表达了英雄的女儿情怀和对美好生活追求的憧憬。如果说，“弯弓征战”是表现这位巾帼英雄外在的“阳刚”之美，那么，“梦里”、“画眉”则是表示英雄内在的少女本色，使得对人物的描写入木三分，有血有肉，增强了诗的艺术魅力。
诗歌的最后，陡翻新意，生发出卓特的史论。木兰把酒思乡的时候，居然想到了汉朝远嫁番邦和亲的明妃王昭君。诗歌在构思上和诗意上的跳跃，细想，她们之间有着太多的相似了，正是这些相似，才能藉此来抒发花木兰内心的郁结。一则，她们二人都是女子；再者，二人都是离家别亲来到边塞；更为重要的是：虽然她们的身份、经历以及到边关的原因各不一样，但是她们这两位弱女子的身上都承载着家国、民族的重大责任，她们是来为国纾难的。这样的重任本应是男性担当的，现在却让两位红颜女子来背负，并且还要承受着离别的痛苦，在男权社会中，这是不正常的。难怪中唐诗人戎昱在《咏史》一诗中对这一历史现象发出了如此的质问：“社稷依明主，安危托妇人。”这便是杜牧在此诗中没有直接发出，但却深蕴其中的议论，新见迭出，确实发人深省，耐人寻味。
这首咏史绝句写得很有特色，一没有引用典故，二没有发表议论，而是通过对人物形象的生动刻画和细致的心理描写，塑造了一位光彩照人的巾帼英雄的感人形象。诗人采用先抑后扬的手法，把女英雄的思想境界推向高峰，从而突出了这首诗的主旨。
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吴潜《
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水调歌头·焦山》
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卢照邻《
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长安古意》
杜牧简介
唐代·杜牧的简介
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杜牧（公元803－约852年），字牧之，号樊川居士，汉族，京兆万年（今陕西西安）人，唐代诗人。杜牧人称“小杜”，以别于杜甫。与李商隐并称“小李杜”。因晚年居长安南樊川别墅，故后世称“杜樊川”，著有《樊川文集》。
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