赠柳
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唐代]：李商隐
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章台从掩映，郢路更参差。
见说风流极，来当婀娜时。
桥回行欲断，堤远意相随。
忍放花如雪，青楼扑酒旗。
赠柳译文及注释
译文
章台柳色垂拂繁茂，柳色或明或暗，鄄都的大路旁，柳枝像妙龄女郎在蹁跹起舞。
早就听到不少人赞美柳树风流至极，如今看到了，正当婀娜多姿时。
迷人的柳色一直到桥边，眼看柳色要被隔断，跨过桥向长堤延伸，我的心也紧随不舍。
柳树真忍心啊，放出如雪的柳絮，飘浮着，飞舞在青楼酒旗之间。
注释
此题为“赠柳”，实为咏柳。有人认为所咏的“柳”可能是个歌妓，因为诗中表现的是依依不舍的缱绻之情。
章台：汉代京城长安的街名。街旁多柳，唐时称为“章台柳”。从：任从。掩映：遮掩映衬。
郢：战国时楚国的国都，即今湖北江陵。参差：柳条垂拂繁茂的样子。
见说：听说。意谓听到别人对柳的赞赏。
来当：今天自己见到的时候。婀娜：与“风流”都是写柳丝的风流极致，妩媚多姿。
桥回：桥向旁弯曲。
堤远：长堤向远延伸。意相随：柳枝傍堤而去，遂意相随。这句既写柳丝，也写出诗人对柳的眷恋不舍。
忍：岂忍。花如雪：柳花似雪。
青楼：古代歌舞宴饮的馆楼。
参考资料：
1、（唐）李商隐．李商隐诗选注：吉林文史出版社，2001：12-13
2、田梦．李商隐诗集 插图本：济南出版社，1995：15
赠柳创作背景
此诗写于宣宗大中元年即847年，诗人自长安赴桂林途中作。题为赠柳，实是咏柳。运用拟人法，将‘‘柳’’当作人来描写。咏而赠之，故题曰“赠”。前人认为此诗有本事，冯浩并认为系为洛阳歌妓柳枝作。由于年代久远，别无旁证，真实情况，已难考知。
参考资料：
1、王锡柱．李商隐诗选浅释：中州古籍出版社，2008：113
2、邓中龙．李商隐诗译注·第1卷：岳麓书社，2000：560-561
赠柳鉴赏
《赠柳》，其实就是咏柳。咏而赠之，故题曰“赠”。前人认为此诗有本事，冯浩并认为系为洛阳歌妓柳枝作。由于年代久远，别无旁证，真实情况，已难考知。
李商隐对柳很有感情，他的诗集中，以柳为题的，多至十几首。这一首同他别的那些咏柳诗不同，它的背景不是一地一处，而是非常广阔的地域。首联就从京城长安到大江之滨的江陵，写柳从北到南，无处不在，“掩映”“参差”，秀色千里。
“掩映”、“参差”，是写柳色或明或暗，柔条垂拂的繁茂景象，点出时间是在春天。由“从”（任从）到“更”的变化，把柳的蓬勃生机，渲染得更加强烈。次联“风流”、“婀娜”，则是写柳的体态轻盈。柔长的柳枝，千枝万缕，春风吹拂，宛若妙龄女郎，翩跹起舞，姿态是非常动人的。“见说”是听见别人说，包括古今之人对柳的赞赏。“来当”句是说自己见到眼前之柳的时候，正当其婀娜多姿之时，表现出诗人的欣喜之情。上面四句，从广阔的背景上，对春柳作了生动具体的描绘，写出了她妩媚可爱的风姿。
下面接写柳色绵延不断。一到春天，路旁堤畔之柳笼烟罩雾，葱茏翠绿，望之令人心醉。诗人的目光，正是被这迷人的柳色所牵引，向前移去，直到桥边，眼看柳色就要被隔断，可是跨过桥去，向旁一弯，却又顺着长堤，向前延伸，最后虽然眼中已望不见柳，但心中仿佛仍然见到青青的柳色向远方伸去。“行”作“行踪”、“踪迹”解。“意相随”既指春柳傍随长堤而去，也指诗人的心为柳所系，紧随不舍，最后直至青楼酒旗、柳花似雪之处。“青楼”、“酒旗”是人间繁华之地；飞花似雪是春柳盛极之时。“忍”即忍心之意，字里透露出诗人的痛惜之情。花飞似雪，固然美极盛极，然而繁华已极，就意味着离凋谢不远。两句把春柳的繁华写到极致，也把诗人的爱惜之情写到极点。纪昀评此诗云：“五、六句空外传神，极为得髓。结亦情致可思。”（《李义山诗集辑评》）这四句，意境很美，言外之意不尽，很耐人寻味。
清代王士禛说：“咏物之作，须如禅家所谓不粘不脱，不即不离，乃为上乘。”（《带经堂诗话》）此诗全篇八句，纯用白描，篇中不着一个“柳”字，却句句写柳。而且，仔细玩味，又会发觉它们既是写柳，又象是在写人，字里行间，仿佛晃动着一位窈窕女郎的倩影，风流韵致，婀娜多情，非常逗人喜爱。她也许是诗人的友人，也许就是诗人的情人，由于某种原因，他们分离了。咏柳即咏人，对柳之爱怜不舍，即对其所爱之人的依恋与思念。似彼似此，亦彼亦此，不即不离，正是此诗艺术表现的巧妙之处。冯浩说此诗“全是借咏所思”（《玉溪生诗集笺注》），大旨是不错的。
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江边柳》
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韩偓《
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咏柳》
李商隐简介
唐代·李商隐的简介
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李商隐，字义山，号玉溪（谿）生、樊南生，唐代著名诗人，祖籍河内（今河南省焦作市）沁阳，出生于郑州荥阳。他擅长诗歌写作，骈文文学价值也很高，是晚唐最出色的诗人之一，和杜牧合称“小李杜”，与温庭筠合称为“温李”，因诗文与同时期的段成式、温庭筠风格相近，且三人都在家族里排行第十六，故并称为“三十六体”。其诗构思新奇，风格秾丽，尤其是一些爱情诗和无题诗写得缠绵悱恻，优美动人，广为传诵。但部分诗歌过于隐晦迷离，难于索解，至有“诗家总爱西昆好，独恨无人作郑笺”之说。因处于牛李党争的夹缝之中，一生很不得志。死后葬于家乡沁阳（今河南焦作市沁阳与博爱县交界之处）。作品收录为《李义山诗集》。
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朱多
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客访遗基岁月华，仙人何处弄烟霞。
山中甲子无春夏，四月才开二月花。