南乡子·自述
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宋代]：苏轼
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凉簟碧纱厨。一枕清风昼睡馀。睡听晚衙无一事，徐徐。读尽床头几卷书。
搔首赋归欤。自觉功名懒更疏。若问使君才与术，何如。占得人间一味愚。
南乡子·自述译文及注释
译文
簟席生凉，碧纱橱帐，白日里闲眠醒来，枕边轻风拂过。躺在床上听闻向晚的衙门里没什么公事，慢慢地，把床头的几卷书给看完了。
抓着脑袋吟诵起归隐的诗句来，自己感到对功名利欲已经没多少兴趣。假如有人问起我的能耐如何，只不过是一个愚字罢了。
注释
南乡子：词牌名。
自述：题目一作《和杨元素》。
簟（diàn）：竹席。
碧：绿色。
纱厨：古人挂在床的木架子上，夏天用来避蚊蝇的纱帐。
一枕清风：是苏轼非常喜欢用的意象。如“一枕清风值万钱，无人肯买北窗眠。”
晚衙：古时官署治事．一日两次坐衙。早晨坐衙称“早衙”，晚间坐衙称“晚衙”。
归欤：即归去。据《论语·公冶长》载，孔子在陈国的时候，曾发“归欤”的感叹。
懒更疏：即懒散，不耐拘束。
使君：太守，此系作者自指。作者当时任徐州太守。
占得：拥有。
一味：所有，全部。
参考资料：
1、陈如江．一蓑烟雨任平生：东坡词．济南：山东文艺出版社，2014：53-54
2、刘石主编．《宋词鉴赏大辞典 》：中华书局出版社， 2011：219页
南乡子·自述创作背景
此词作于苏轼徐州太守任上，时间在熙宁十年（1077年）四月至元丰二年（1079年）三月之间。
南乡子·自述鉴赏
上片写初秋的黄昏，苏轼在碧纱帐里一觉醒来，枕边微凉的秋风也吹不尽浓浓的睡意，于是继续躺在凉席之上，听外面公堂一片寂静，他知道这意味着今晚不用上堂处理公事了。这是一个清闲的黄昏。“一枕清风”是苏轼比较喜欢用的一个词组和意象，诗里多次用到。它把晚风吹拂下那种清爽而又舒畅的困意表达得淋漓尽致。“卧听”二字表现出苏轼起床的慵懒和悠闲，也说明他早就料到今天“无一事”的状况了。这里实是反用古人之意，古人常用“晚衙”来叹息公务繁忙，而苏轼却道“卧听”“无一事”，一种超脱的感觉就上来了，于是他徐徐起身，半躺半靠着看起了床头的书卷。这里一个“尽”字，再次把这种悠闲无止境放大，拉长。
下片开始议论，“归欤”二字直接点明了议论的主题，也就是他心中追求功名与早日归隐二者之间的矛盾。“自觉”句表面上是一种自嘲，说自己对功名日渐疏懒，但实际上却是一种窃喜，窃喜自己终于能够看破功名，心无挂碍了。正式由于这种无挂碍的心态，当别人问及“使君”的才学时，苏轼才能通达、释然而略带自嘲地说自己是“占得人间一味愚”。言外之意，在他看来，是否有才学并不重要，但自己到现在才看破功名，这才是真的“一味愚”。整个下片议论，表面上看都是自嘲，在贬低自己，实际却是在表达一种摆脱尘世功名束缚的愿望，同时也是在庆幸自己已经慢慢摆脱了这些束缚。
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鹊桥仙·一竿风月》
苏轼简介
唐代·苏轼的简介
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苏轼（1037－1101），北宋文学家、书画家、美食家。字子瞻，号东坡居士。汉族，四川人，葬于颍昌（今河南省平顶山市郏县）。一生仕途坎坷，学识渊博，天资极高，诗文书画皆精。其文汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，与欧阳修并称欧苏，为“唐宋八大家”之一；诗清新豪健，善用夸张、比喻，艺术表现独具风格，与黄庭坚并称苏黄；词开豪放一派，对后世有巨大影响，与辛弃疾并称苏辛；书法擅长行书、楷书，能自创新意，用笔丰腴跌宕，有天真烂漫之趣，与黄庭坚、米芾、蔡襄并称宋四家；画学文同，论画主张神似，提倡“士人画”。著有《苏东坡全集》和《东坡乐府》等。
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