南中咏雁诗
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唐代]：韦承庆
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南中咏雁诗译文及注释
译文
我被流放到万里之外、土地荒芜的南方，春暖花开之际，路途中看到大雁正朝北飞去。
不知道到哪年哪月，我才能与你们一道回到北方？
注释
南中：指岭南地区。《文选·孙楚〈为石仲容与孙皓书〉》：“南中吕兴，深睹天命，蝉蜕内向，愿为臣妾。”李善注引《吴志》：“交阯郡吏吕兴等杀太守孙谞，使使如魏。”
三春：夏之初，天气肃清，周览八隅。”汉班固《终南山赋》：“三春之季，孟夏之初，天气肃清，周览八隅。”
岁月：年月。泛指时间。《史记·淮南衡山列传》：“屈彊江淮闲，犹可得延岁月之寿。”
尔：你。一作“汝”。同归：一同返回。《诗经·豳风·七月》：“女心伤悲，殆及公子同归。”毛传：“豳公子躬率其民，同时出，同时归也。”
参考资料：
1、彭定求 等．全唐诗（上）．上海：上海古籍出版社，1986：141
南中咏雁诗创作背景
这首《南中咏雁》，《全唐诗》一作于季子诗，题为《南行别弟》，但《文苑英华》作韦承庆诗，且诗中所写与别弟事无涉，故此诗著作权当归韦承庆。唐中宗神龙初年，韦承庆在核审张易之弟张昌宗罪行的过程中，“失实，配流岭表。”诗当作于被贬途中。
参考资料：
1、周啸天 等．唐诗鉴赏辞典补编．成都：四川文艺出版社，1990：41-42
南中咏雁诗鉴赏
因为徇私犯法，发配岭南，诗人心中的追悔、痛苦自不言而喻。加上本来他是颇受宠幸的，痛苦无疑更甚。所以，被贬途中，当他看到成群的大雁向北飞去，不禁睹物伤情，悲从中来。“万里人南去，三春雁北飞”，在这美好的春天，群雁北归，寻其自由安乐之所，而自己却要跨越千山万水，远赴万里之遥到那险恶湿热的南方瘴疠之地。其间旅途的坎坷，虫兽的侵袭，疾病的折磨，都要忍受。春雁北返，回到自己的乐园，乃随性而动；而自己作为万物之灵长，却沦落偏僻的异地，身不由己，无可奈何。首两句，由雁及人，在人雁对比中，那种人不如雁的感慨深蓄其中。
末二句，“未知何岁月，得与尔同归”，紧扣归雁，进一层抒发内心的悲愤与痛悔。雁在北方安家落户，因此，古人称北飞的雁为归雁。隋代薛道衡《人日思归》“人归落雁后，思发在花前”两句写人见归雁而自然生归家之情。诗人此时身处南中，凝望那阵阵北归的群雁，也不禁动了归乡这个念头：不知什么时候，我才能和你们这些自由的大雁同返家园？古时北方人不适应南方的湿热气候，被贬谪南地的人往往凶多吉少，加之路途遥远艰辛，更是生死难料。此番南去，是生是死，实难卜知。盖一切都尚在冥冥之中也，因而作者那绝望的苦痛、负罪的悔恨以及深沉的身世之悲，都交织在这末二句上了。
诗中作者把无情的大雁当作可以告语的知己，向它们倾诉自己的情怀，情真意切，出语自然。这里表现了一个“行迈靡靡，中心摇摇”的疲惫不堪的旅人，他踽踽独行，凝望那北归的群雁逐渐消失在远方，他的心也随之很沉很沉地堕了下去。值得庆幸的是，韦承庆不到一年便被召回，继续做官，兼修国史，颇受唐中宗称善，官至黄门侍郎而卒，可谓善终。大概从这次贬谪中，作者是吸取了某种人生的教训的，加强了个人品行的修养。宋之问有一首诗《题大庾岭北驿》，和这首诗比较相似，其前四句云：“阳月南飞雁，传闻至此回。我行殊未已，何日复归来。”在人雁对比中，写思家之情。但宋之问终未能从贬所归来，唐玄宗时竟被赐死。大概因为宋之问的人品太差，先谄事张易之，后有依附武三思，在知贡举时，竟然收取贿赂，且不知悔悟，遂引起时人的公愤，连皇帝也讨厌他，于是把他赐死了事。反映在诗歌里，韦承庆的贬谪思归之苦，更能博得后人的同情。末二句自然、真挚，脱口而出，毫无矫揉装束之态，深得后世诗论家的好评。
这首诗，通篇用叙述的笔调，语言直白、通俗，如话家常。短短二十字中，运用对比手法，把作者那深切的贬谪之痛，完满地表现了出来，自具动人的力量。
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吴文英《
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浣溪沙·题李中斋舟中梅屏》
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汪遵《
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乌江》
韦承庆简介
唐代·韦承庆的简介
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韦承庆（639—705）字延休，唐代河内郡阳武县（今河南原阳）人。性谨畏，事继母笃孝。第进士。累迁凤阁舍人，在朝屡进谠言。转天官侍郎，凡三掌选，铨授平允。长安中，（公元703年左右）拜凤阁侍郎，同平章事。张易之诛，承庆以素附离，流岭表。岁余，以秘书员外少监召，兼修国史，封扶阳县子。迁黄门郎，未拜卒，谥曰温。承庆著有文集六十卷，《两唐书志》传于世。
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