巴江柳
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唐代]：李商隐
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巴江可惜柳，柳色绿侵江。
好向金銮殿，移阴入绮窗。
巴江柳译文及注释
译文
实在是让人喜爱，丝丝缕缕的柳叶，一片碧色染绿了大江。
这样的名柳最好是送到金銮殿去，让一片阴凉移入雕满花纹的绮窗。
注释
巴江：指流经川东一带的长江。
可惜：可爱。
金銮殿：唐代宫殿名。殿与翰林院相接，皇帝召见学士常在此殿。
绮（qǐ）窗：华美的雕花窗户。
巴江柳创作背景
大中六年（852）四月，西川节度使杜悰调任淮南节度使。李商隐奉柳仲郢之命，备办饩牵（米面牛羊）亲往渝州（今重庆市）及界首迎送，诗当作于此时。此诗题为《巴江柳》，实际它并不是一首单纯的咏物诗。联系李商隐的身世看，这首诗显然是借咏柳来抒发用世之情的。
参考资料：
1、王朝谦．巴蜀古诗选解：四川大学出版社，1998：713-714
2、郑在瀛．李商隐诗集今注：武汉大学出版社，2001：620
巴江柳鉴赏
小诗开篇即点题。“可惜”二字表明诗人对巴江柳的爱怜态度。第二句描写柳色。望王山下，巴江两岸，那成行成排的杨柳，柔条纷披，新叶繁茂，青葱凄迷，如锦似绣。倒映在水中，把一江春水都染绿了，以至于分不清哪是柳色，哪是水色，意境是新鲜、优美的。诗人不用“工笔”去刻画杨柳婀娜多姿的形态美，而是用“泼墨”去烘染它气象恢宏的色彩美，以色绘春，秀逸迷人，颇见匠心。“绿侵江”，兼用拟人、夸张手法，状柳色之丰盈、浓重、苍翠欲滴。杨柳执意要分绿与巴江，让江水与它同美，一起来装点春天。一个“侵”字写活了杨柳，赋予它动感和情感，可谓以一字而尽传精神。
杨柳不仅“风流可爱”，而且浓荫清凉，可以为夏日的人们消暑除热。于是诗人联想到，巴江柳应该“好向金銮”，“移阴绮窗”，去更好地发挥它的作用。辞采的富丽，衬托出希望的美好。《南史》记载，刘悛之为益州刺史，曾献蜀柳数株，齐武帝把它们种在太昌云和殿前，玩赏不罩，甚为钟爱。诗的后两句化用这个典故，但其用世之意更为明显。
这首诗一、二句咏物写实，作者倾笔于柳色，流露出不尽喜爱之情；可柳生巴江，不得地利，徒有其色，难遇知音，惋惜之意见于言外。三、四句由柳色想到柳荫，畅言巴江柳的辉煌前程，借历史典故，抒自我心志。但柳荫终未移入绮窗，有才难被大用，惋惜之意又深一层。由此可见，这“可惜”二字，实为全诗之主眼。而无限“惜柳”之情，正是诗人自伤沉沦、自叹失意的心灵写照。
李商隐这首咏物诗，不离不即，既切合于江柳，又在咏柳中表现自己的情思。全诗借柳写入，以虚衬实，景中含情，意在言外。
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李商隐《
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流莺》
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李商隐《
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北禽》
李商隐简介
唐代·李商隐的简介
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李商隐，字义山，号玉溪（谿）生、樊南生，唐代著名诗人，祖籍河内（今河南省焦作市）沁阳，出生于郑州荥阳。他擅长诗歌写作，骈文文学价值也很高，是晚唐最出色的诗人之一，和杜牧合称“小李杜”，与温庭筠合称为“温李”，因诗文与同时期的段成式、温庭筠风格相近，且三人都在家族里排行第十六，故并称为“三十六体”。其诗构思新奇，风格秾丽，尤其是一些爱情诗和无题诗写得缠绵悱恻，优美动人，广为传诵。但部分诗歌过于隐晦迷离，难于索解，至有“诗家总爱西昆好，独恨无人作郑笺”之说。因处于牛李党争的夹缝之中，一生很不得志。死后葬于家乡沁阳（今河南焦作市沁阳与博爱县交界之处）。作品收录为《李义山诗集》。
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