水龙吟·梨花
[
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 93
宋代]：周邦彦
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 116
素肌应怯余寒，艳阳占立青芜地。樊川照日，灵关遮路，残红敛避。传火楼台，妒花风雨，长门深闭。亚帘栊半湿，一枝在手，偏勾引、黄昏泪。
别有风前月底。布繁英、满园歌吹。朱铅退尽，潘妃却酒，昭君乍起。雪浪翻空，粉裳缟夜，不成春意。恨玉容不见，琼英谩好，与何人比。
水龙吟·梨花译文及注释
译文
梨花亭亭玉立于艳阳普照的绿草地上，“樊川”、“灵关”，都是一片雪白梨花，残春落红，均收敛而去。清明时节春寒细雨、风妒红花，寂寞黄昏，满院梨花不开门。半湿的梨花树枝压窗门上，闲折一枝，偏勾引出多少黄昏泪。
更有那当年明皇梨园的风流韵事。想当年梨园里梨花香雪，丝竹管弦，何等兴会！胭脂和铅粉全无，潘妃辞酒，昭君之惊！“雪浪翻空，粉裳缟夜”的李花也不足以比梨花，不成春意。只恨玉容不见，梨花再好，又和何人比。
注释
水龙吟：词牌名。又名“龙吟曲”“庄椿岁”“小楼连苑”。《清真集》入“越调”。各家格式出入颇多。一百二字，前后片各四仄韵。又第九句第一字并是领格，宜用去声。结句宜用上一、下三句法，较二、二句式收得有力。
素肌：白色的肌肤，比喻洁白素雅的梨花。余寒：剩余的春寒，梨花开在晚春时节。
青芜地：杂草丛生的地方。
樊川：汉武帝时代的长安有一所名为“樊川”的梨园。照日：“日照”的倒装，以与“遮路”作对。敛：解作“收”。
传火：指清明日。清明节前二日为寒食，不举火，唐俗清明日皇帝取榆柳之火以赐近臣。楼台：代指近臣家。
妒花：语出杜甫《风雨看舟前落花，戏为新句》：“春寒细雨出疏篱，风妒红花却倒吹。”
长门深闭：用汉武帝陈皇后事，兼取刘方平《春怨》诗意：“寂寞黄昏春欲晚，梨花满院不开门。”
亚：作“压”解，动词，省略主语梨花。帘栊（lóng）：指居室的户帘及窗牖。
繁英：繁盛的花。
歌吹：歌声和乐声。
朱铅退尽：谓胭脂铅粉。
潘妃却酒：潘妃是南朝齐东昏侯之妃，小字玉儿，有姿色，性淫侈。却酒：指推辞不饮酒。饮则脸红，却则脸白，以喻梨花。
昭君：王昭君，汉南郡秭归（今属湖北）人，名嫱，字昭君。晋避司马昭讳，改称为明君，后人又称明妃。
缟（gǎo）夜：映照黑夜。
玉容：指女子的容貌。此指上述陈皇后、王昭君等美人。
琼英：本指雪花，此指梨花。谩：作”徒“或”空“解。
参考资料：
1、叶嘉莹 王强．周邦彦词新释辑评．北京：中国书店，2006：236-240
水龙吟·梨花创作背景
中国作家协会会员钱鸿瑛《柳周词传》云，此词或认为有《离骚》初服之意，有所寄托；也有人认为这首咏梨花的词纯为体物之作，不涉个人怀抱。其创作时间难以考证。
参考资料：
1、黄墨谷 等．唐宋词鉴赏辞典（唐·五代·北宋卷）．上海：上海辞书出版社，1988：1027-1029
水龙吟·梨花鉴赏
此词上片起笔“素肌应怯余寒，艳阳占立青芜地”用工笔描绘出梨花亭亭玉立于艳阳普照的绿草地上，合时合地，静穆归一。“素肌”喻梨花之色白。李白有诗：“柳色黄金嫩，梨花白雪香。”梨花开晚春时节，故说“应怯余寒”，“应”字，下得轻：“艳阳”，《花间集》毛熙震《小重山》：“群花谢，愁对艳阳天”；杜牧诗：“带叶梨花独送春”。梨花开时春草已长，所以说“占立青芜地”。“素肌”“怯余寒”“占立”，都是用拟人化手法。接下来，词人把境界再扩大，“樊川照日，灵关遮路，残红敛避”。这三句，用豪放之笔，勾画出一极壮阔的空间。此下，词人转笔写梨花开落的时间：“传火楼台，妒花风雨，长门深闭”，韩翃《寒食》诗：“日暮汉宫传蜡烛，轻烟散入五侯家”。美成将这两句诗概括成“传火楼台”四个字，极形象而有境界。这里的“楼台”即韩翃所称的五侯家。“传火楼台”四字合时间、空间而成境界。这三句中每句都切时令暮春，点化前人诗句，而能袭古弥新，使梨花的形象更为鲜明。最后以情结束上片内容，“亚帘栊半湿，一枝手，偏勾引、黄昏泪。”“亚帘栊半湿”，应解为半湿的梨花树枝压窗牖上。美成常用这种“拗句”作提笔入情，成为一篇之“警策”。白居易诗：“闲折两枝时手”。《花间集》薛昭蕴《离别难》：“偏能勾引泪阑干”。词人化用一诗一词之意，提炼成为“一枝手，偏勾引、黄昏泪”，“泪”前加“黄昏”，点明时间，此泪，是伤春之泪，甚而是怀人之泪，此中有人，呼之欲出。
过片出人意表，用“别有”二字急转，变换境界，以雄健之笔，宕开写去，用唐明皇以汉武帝梨园旧址，选子弟教法曲之事，创造一个新的境界。“风前月底”，只四个字，把当年明皇梨园的风流韵事作高度概括，“布繁英，满园歌吹”，想见当年梨园里梨花香雪，丝竹管弦，何等兴会！紧接用三个四字句：“朱铅退尽，潘妃却酒，昭君乍起”，再渲染梨花的洁白和梨花的性格。第一句喻其纯净。第二句将南齐东昏侯潘妃引入。史称妃颜色“絜（洁）美”。却酒不饮，红色不上脸，保持其洁白本色，以衬梨花之白。第三句，借琴操昭君歌有“梨叶萋萋”之句，便以昭君这位历史人物的美丽形象来作比兴。这一韵和上片第一韵同是运用拟人化手法，至此，就梨花本身传神写照，已无须再多言之。故下一韵起忽然转从对面落墨，于比较中见尊崇之意。首先拿来对比的是李花。李花也是白色的。韩愈诗：“风揉雨练雪羞比，波涛翻空杳无涘。”（《李花赠张十一署》）王安石诗：“积李兮缟夜，崇桃兮炫昼。”（《寄蔡氏女子》）作者由此化出“雪浪翻空，粉裳缟夜”二句，谓此李花“不成春意”，自不足以比梨花。以一“恨”字领三个四字句：“玉容不见，琼英谩好，与何人比！”白居易《长恨歌》用“玉容寂寞泪阑干，梨花一枝春带雨来形容太真妃的容貌，又以”马嵬坡下泥土中，不见玉颜空死处“说她的死，取其句意，词人这里暗指太真妃已再也见不到了。”琼英谩好“，琼英，谓雪。雪又称作”玉妃“，此双关雪与人。结句发出梨花的标格如今无人可比的叹息。
这首词以秾艳著称，但实际则极尽沉郁顿挫之能事。上片结以情语，下片旧至比兴，塑造了梨花无人可比的精神风致，音韵有不尽。
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 169
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
上一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 178
辛弃疾《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 178
临江仙·和叶仲洽赋羊桃》
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 193
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
下一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 202
丘处机《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 202
无俗念·灵虚宫梨花词》
周邦彦简介
唐代·周邦彦的简介
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 222
Warning: Use of undefined constant titleurl - assumed 'titleurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 228
周邦彦（1056年－1121年），中国北宋末期著名的词人，字美成，号清真居士，汉族，钱塘（今浙江杭州）人。历官太学正、庐州教授、知溧水县等。徽宗时为徽猷阁待制，提举大晟府。精通音律，曾创作不少新词调。作品多写闺情、羁旅，也有咏物之作。格律谨严。语言典丽精雅。长调尤善铺叙。为后来格律派词人所宗。旧时词论称他为“词家之冠”。有《清真集》传世。
猜你喜欢
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
觅竹
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
李胜原
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
为爱君家千个竹，吾庐欲致两三竿。不栽也恐令人俗，多觅何妨著地宽。
未拟丛中留凤宿，且看根下有龙蟠。愿分风月归吟韵，共结坚盟到岁寒。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
宋驸马王诜江山胜览图
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
顾应祥
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
王郎妙手绝代无，生绡写出江山图。飘扬天趣入三昧，点染意象争锱铢。
远山模糊近山碧，澄江一带横秋色。老树参差曲岸妨，回波摇荡崩堤仄。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
游张公善权二洞四首 其四
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
曾几
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
善权石状说不尽，怪怪奇奇惊倒人。大屋脩廊岩下路，凄风冷雨洞中春。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
夜闻洛滨吹笙
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
唐代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
张仲素
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
王子千年后，笙音五夜闻。逶迤绕清洛，断续下仙云。
泄泄飘难定，啾啾曲未分。松风助幽律，波月动轻文。
凤管听何远，鸾声若在群。暗空思羽盖，馀气自氛氲。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
大行皇太后挽词二首
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
陈师道
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
扶日行黄道，乘云上紫微。
忧劳形末命，恭俭见陈衣。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
赣州丰乐长老惠宣写予真戏赞时年七十三
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
周必大
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
少年日醉郁孤台，鼎立三禅屡往来。
豪气虽存谁复识，形容变尽鬓皑皑。