宫词
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唐代]：薛逢
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锁衔金兽连环冷，水滴铜龙昼漏长。
云髻罢梳还对镜，罗衣欲换更添香。
遥窥正殿帘开处，袍袴宫人扫御床。
宫词译文及注释
韵译
大清早，宫妃们在十二楼打扮梳妆；
登上望仙楼台，盼望着临幸的君王。
兽形门环紧锁宫门，内心十分凄怆；
铜龙漏斗越滴越慢，坐待更觉日长。
发髻梳理完毕，还要对镜反复端详，
重换一件罗衣，注意加熏一些香料。
远远看见，正殿闪动人影启开珠帘；
看见短袍绣裤宫女，正在打扫御床。
注释
十二楼：指一清早宫人就在梳妆以待幸。
望仙楼：意谓望君如望仙。
水滴铜龙昼漏长：指铜壶滴漏，古时计时仪器。
宫词鉴赏
宫怨是唐诗中屡见的题材。薛逢的这首《宫词》，从望幸着笔，刻画了宫妃企望君王恩幸而不可得的怨恨心理，情致委婉，有其独特风格。
诗的首联，即点明人物身份和全诗主旨：“十二楼”、“望仙楼”皆指宫妃的住处。《史记·封禅书》记，方士言“黄帝时为五城十二楼，以候神人于执期”；又，《旧唐书·武宗本纪》记，“会昌五年作望仙楼于神策军”。诗中用“十二楼”、“望仙楼”代指宫妃的住所，非实指，是取其“候神”、“望仙”的涵义。这两句是说，宫妃们在宫楼之上，一大早就着意梳妆打扮，象盼望神仙降临一样企首翘望着君王的恩幸。
颔联通过对周围环境的渲染，烘托望幸之人内心的清冷、寂寞：这两句说，宫门上那兽形门环被紧紧锁住，那龙纹漏壶水滴声声。上句“冷”字，既写出铜质门环之冰凉，又显出深宫紧闭之冷寂，映衬出宫妃心情的凄冷。下句“长”字，通过宫妃对漏壶中没完没了的滴水声的独特感受，刻画出她昼长难耐的孤寂无聊的心境。 颈联通过宫妃的着意装饰打扮，进一步刻画她百无聊赖的心理。“云髻罢梳还对镜，罗衣欲换更添香”，是说刚刚梳罢那浓密如云的发髻，又对着镜子端详，惟恐有什么不妥贴之处；想再换一件新艳的罗衣，又给它加熏一些香气。这一联将宫妃那盼望中叫人失望、失望中又怀着希望的心理状态，刻画得十分逼真。“望”的时间越长，越叫人心情难堪，说是没指望吧，又怀着某种期待；说是有希望吧，望眼欲穿，实在渺茫。罢梳复又对镜，换衣重又添香，不过是心情烦乱无聊和想望之极的写照。
末联写宫妃“望”极而怨的心情，不过这种怨恨表达得极其曲折隐晦：“遥窥正殿帘开处，袍袴宫人扫御床”。“袍袴”，指穿短袍绣袴的宫女。“遥窥”二字，表现了妃子复杂微妙的心理：我这尊贵的妃子成日价翘首空望，还倒不如那洒扫的宫女能接近皇帝！又表明，君王即将临幸正殿，不会再来的了。似乎有一种近乎绝望的哀怨隐隐地透露出来。
这首诗对人物心理状态的描写极其细腻、逼真。自首联总起望幸之意后，下三联即把这种“望”的心情融于对周围环境的描画、对人物动作的状写和对人物间的处境的反衬之中，生动地反映了宫妃们的空虚、寂寞、苦闷、伤怨的精神生活。
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刘禹锡《
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乌衣巷》
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刘方平《
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春怨》
薛逢简介
唐代·薛逢的简介
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薛逢，字陶臣，蒲洲河东（今山西永济县）人，会昌元年（公元八四一）进士。历侍御史、尚书郎。因恃才傲物，议论激切，屡忤权贵，故仕途颇不得意。《全唐诗》收录其诗一卷。《旧唐书》卷一九零，《新唐书》卷二零三皆有传。
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