初到黄州
[
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 93
宋代]：苏轼
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 116
自笑平生为口忙，老来事业转荒唐。
长江绕郭知鱼美，好竹连山觉笋香。
逐客不妨员外置，诗人例作水曹郎。
只惭无补丝毫事，尚费官家压酒囊。
初到黄州译文及注释
译文
自己都感到好笑，一生为嘴到处奔忙，老来所干的事，反而要得荒嘴。
长江环抱城郭，深知江鱼味美，茂竹漫山遍野，只觉阵阵笋香。
贬逐的人，当然不妨员外安置，诗人惯例，都要做做水曹郎。
惭愧的是我劝政事已毫无补益，还要耗费官府岸禄，领取压酒囊。
注释
为口忙：语意双关：既指因言事和写诗而获罪，又指为谋生糊口，并呼应下文的“鱼美”和“笋香”的口腹之美。
郭：外城。
逐客：贬谪之人，作者自谓。员外：定额以外的官员，苏轼所任的检校官亦属此列，故称。
水曹郎：隶属水部的郎官。
尚费官家压酒囊：作者自注：“检校官例折支，多得退酒袋。”压酒囊，压酒滤糟的布袋。宋代官俸一部分用实物来抵数，叫折支。
参考资料：
1、苏轼 著 曾枣庄 注．苏轼诗文词选译：巴蜀书社 ，1991：44-45
2、张鸣．宋诗选：人民文学出版社，2004：205-206
初到黄州创作背景
苏轼1079年（元丰二年）八月十八日被押赴台狱勘问（即“乌台诗案”），十二月二十八日获释出狱，责授检校水部员外郎、黄州团练副使，不得签书公事，令御史台差人转押前去。第二年正月初一离开京师，二月一日至黄州贬所，寓居定惠院，随僧蔬食。此诗作于初抵黄州时。
参考资料：
1、苏轼 著 曾枣庄 注．苏轼诗文词选译：巴蜀书社 ，1991：44-45
2、张鸣．宋诗选：人民文学出版社，2004：205-206
初到黄州鉴赏
这首诗语言平实清浅，却深刻揭示出苏轼初到黄州时复杂矛盾的心情。
诗以自嘲口吻开头，此前诗人一直官卑职微，只做过杭州通判，密州、徐州、湖州三州知州，到湖州仅两月便下御史台狱，年轻时的抱负均成泡影，只能说为口腹生计而奔忙。“老来”，诗人当时方四十五岁，这个年龄在古人已算不小了，苏轼作于密州的《江城子》词中便有“老夫聊发少年狂”之句。“事业转荒唐”指“乌台诗案”事，屈沉下僚尚可忍耐，无端的牢狱之灾更使他检点自己的人生态度，“荒唐”二字是对过去的自嘲与否定，却含有几分牢骚。面对逆境，苏轼以平静、旷达的态度对待之。
初到黄州，正月刚过，又寄居僧舍，却因黄州三面为长江环绕而想到可有鲜美的鱼吃，因黄州多竹而犹如闻到竹笋的香味，把视觉形象立即转化为味觉嗅觉形象，表现出诗人对未来生活的憧憬，紧扣“初到”题意，亦表露了诗人善于自得其乐、随缘自适的人生态度。苏轼这种“能从黄连中嚼出甜味来”的精神是最应令人钦敬的，这种豁达、乐观的精神，使他在黄州的五年政治上的低谷时期（政治上不可能有任何作为），却在创作上达到炉火纯青的境界，《前赤壁赋》、《后赤壁赋》、《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》等大批著名词篇均写于这一时期，苏轼成了古代文学家中身处逆境而大有作为的典范，苏轼“敢于直面惨淡的人生，敢于正视淋漓的鲜血”（鲁迅语）的高尚思想境界成为后人之表率。
后四句为作者自嘲，颈联写以祸为福的宽慰心态，用典自况。“为口”而至此，可以说是人生的大不幸了，诗人却以苦为乐，以祸为福，在扫兴的“员外置”前加了一个“不妨”，在倒霉的“水曹郎”前加了一个“例作”，安之若素，自我调侃。其心胸开阔，个性旷达便跃然纸上。尾联写无功受禄的愧怍，质朴自然。身为“员外”，却没能为国家出力办事，而又要白白花费国家的钱银，实在是惭愧。“压酒囊”就是工钱，虽然钱不多，可对于一个“无补丝毫事”的人来说，还要费这工资，确实惭愧。在就表现了诗人的豁达和自得。
“诗穷而后工”，“只惭”句有几分无奈，但并不把它作为完全无所作为的理由，政治上不能有所作为，文学上却可以大有作为。黄州成了苏轼一生词与文章创作的顶点，也奠定了他在中国文坛的地位。这首诗一反古代诗人在遭受打击时鸣冤叫屈、叹老嗟卑的惯例，虽自嘲不幸，却又以超旷的胸襟对待，后世诗作唯有鲁迅的一首“运交华盖”与其相似。
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 169
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
上一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 178
杜甫《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 178
游龙门奉先寺》
Warning: Use of undefined constant id - assumed 'id' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 193
Warning: Use of undefined constant islast - assumed 'islast' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 296
Warning: Use of undefined constant tbname - assumed 'tbname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 305
Warning: Use of undefined constant modid - assumed 'modid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 306
Warning: Use of undefined constant yhid - assumed 'yhid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 307
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/t_functions.php on line 673
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant wburl - assumed 'wburl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2424
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant listdt - assumed 'listdt' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2429
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant classurl - assumed 'classurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2434
Warning: Use of undefined constant newsurl - assumed 'newsurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classpath - assumed 'classpath' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2440
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2442
Warning: Use of undefined constant classid - assumed 'classid' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
Warning: Use of undefined constant bname - assumed 'bname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/class/connect.php on line 2445
下一首：
Warning: Use of undefined constant writer - assumed 'writer' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 202
杜甫《
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 202
成都府》
苏轼简介
唐代·苏轼的简介
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 222
Warning: Use of undefined constant titleurl - assumed 'titleurl' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant titlepic - assumed 'titlepic' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 223
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 228
苏轼（1037－1101），北宋文学家、书画家、美食家。字子瞻，号东坡居士。汉族，四川人，葬于颍昌（今河南省平顶山市郏县）。一生仕途坎坷，学识渊博，天资极高，诗文书画皆精。其文汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，与欧阳修并称欧苏，为“唐宋八大家”之一；诗清新豪健，善用夸张、比喻，艺术表现独具风格，与黄庭坚并称苏黄；词开豪放一派，对后世有巨大影响，与辛弃疾并称苏辛；书法擅长行书、楷书，能自创新意，用笔丰腴跌宕，有天真烂漫之趣，与黄庭坚、米芾、蔡襄并称宋四家；画学文同，论画主张神似，提倡“士人画”。著有《苏东坡全集》和《东坡乐府》等。
猜你喜欢
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
布袋赞
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
释惟一
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
逢人乞一文，袋进而敌国富。
不是下生迟，嫌佛不肯做。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
酷暑叹
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
明代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
谢迁
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
漠漠炎埃障大荒，火轮停午昼偏长。科头竟日真如醉，赤脚层冰未当狂。
强学地仙挥羽扇，为迎田父倒荷裳。桔槔声里心犹渴，安得天风送雨凉。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
过霅溪
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
周南
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
晴溪帆卷橹声柔，两岸青红湿未收。欲问三吴清绝处，碧澜堂下采莲舟。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
参政大资毗陵张公挽诗十首
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
宋代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
周麟之
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
晚岁游真馆，分符蒞别京。
九关留客钥，千骑按屯营。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
俚言奉送大司徒白翁毕老先生昼锦
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
明代：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
孙之獬
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
石头王气藉公扬，突尔县车鬓未苍。供茹芝探四皓紫，欲分金乏雨疏黄。
勒名鼎上虫鱼瘦，赐浣湖中烟月长。只恐东山栖不稳，九州转运苦戎羌。
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 277
抱膝吟
Warning: Use of undefined constant tname - assumed 'tname' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 280
：
Warning: Use of undefined constant title - assumed 'title' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 281
于石
Warning: Use of undefined constant smalltext - assumed 'smalltext' (this will throw an Error in a future version of PHP) in /www/wwwroot/www.zenzhu.com/e/data/tmp/dt_temptext10.php on line 299
治乱古来有，英雄今岂无。
人情云聚散，世态草荣枯。