酒泉子·谢却荼蘼
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清代]：纳兰性德
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谢却荼蘼，一片月明如水。篆香消，犹未睡，早鸦啼。
嫩寒无赖罗衣薄，休傍阑干角。最愁人，灯欲落，雁还飞。
酒泉子·谢却荼蘼译文及注释
译文
在那一片月明如水的夜里，白色的茶蘼花凋谢了。篆香已经燃尽，可是我却还没有睡着，早起的乌鸦已经开始啼叫，又是一夜不成眠。
丝丝的寒冷透过微薄的锦衣，不要再倚靠栏杆远望了。那灯要燃尽，鸿雁犹飞的情景是最让人伤怀的啊！
注释
谢却茶蘼（tú mí）：荼蘼：落叶或半常绿蔓生小灌木，攀缘茎，茎绿色，茎上有钩状的刺，上面有多个侧脉，形似皱纹，夏季开白花。王琪《春暮游小园》：“开到荼蘼花事了，丝丝天棘出莓墙。”
篆香（zhuàn xiānɡ ）：盘香，为篆字形状。
嫩寒：轻寒，春寒。秦观《浣溪沙》：“漠漠轻寒上小楼，晓阴无赖似穷秋。”
无赖：无奈。
阑干：同“栏杆”。
参考资料：
1、纳兰性德著．纳兰全词：吉林出版集团有限责任公司，2011.06.：第47页
2、程秀波．纳兰词：万卷出版公司，2011.04.：第25页
酒泉子·谢却荼蘼鉴赏
全词都从对方落笔。这是一个夏初的夜晚，繁盛的荼蘼花已经凋落殆尽，窗外，一片如水的月光倾泻而下。自己所思的伊人正独立窗前，呆呆地望着月色出神。这个情景跟杜甫《月夜》诗所写的“今夜鄜州月，闺中只独看”何其相似，望月思人、借月传情是千百年来怀人者共同的精神依托。荼蘼被赋予了一层伤感的、悲情的文化内涵，苏东坡说：“荼蘼不争春，寂寞开最晚。”此外茶蘼在佛教中也有寓意，有人以为它就是所谓的彼岸花，这就给荼蘼赋予了更多的让人联想的深意。所以纳兰以一句“谢却荼蘼”开头，点出时间的同时更传达了春华殆尽的含义。古人常以春花象征人的青春时光，短短一句“谢却荼蘼”，包含时光流逝、青春虚度的感叹。后面诸句都是在这种情怀下的延伸。“一片月明如水”一句极为醒目，在一片明月如水的夜色中，荼蘼慢慢凋零。情景交融，如此紧密。然后，或许是不忍卒观这窗外景致，倦眼目乏，将眼神又放回闺中，篆香也殆尽。“篆香消，犹未睡，早鸦啼。”篆文盘香早已消尽，月亮也已西落，女主人公仍然难以入眠，似乎怎么也忘怀不了对窗外荼蘼谢去的伤感，一声早鸦又将深思勾去。篆香消说明一夜已尽，主人彻夜未眠。
“嫩寒无赖罗衣薄，休傍阑干角。”女主人公一夜未能入眠，干脆起身，倚栏远望，希望能看到一点郎君归来的讯息；但杏眼望穿，没有一点踪迹。单薄的罗衣难以抵挡的，不只是初夏早晨的轻寒，更是孤寂之心的凄寒。这两句是化用张先《醉落魄》词句：“朱唇浅破桃花萼，倚楼人在阑干角，夜寒手冷罗衣薄。”休傍，显示出词人对所思之人的关切。
“最愁人，灯欲落，雁还飞。”最让人生愁的是，女主人公从早望到到晚，也没有心上人的丝毫踪迹，只看到了回归的大雁一队队飞过天空。“最愁人”包含了两重意义：雁归而人未归，令人生愁；自古有鸿雁传书之说，可徒见雁行飞过，却无行人只字信息，如李清照《一剪梅》所言：“云中谁寄锦书来？雁字回时，月满西楼。”这更引发人的无限愁绪。词人以景结情，留有不尽之意。
这首词是长夜怀人有思之作。词中没有对人物心理的直接揭示，而是通过意象的烘托，环境的营造，气氛的渲染，委婉曲折地传达出人物内心细腻真实的感受。
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夏日三首·其一》
纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德（1655－1685），满洲人，字容若，号楞伽山人，清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉，在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期，其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王，却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景，加之个人的超逸才华，使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。”富于意境，是其众多代表作之一。
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