和郭主簿·其一
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魏晋]：陶渊明
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蔼蔼堂前林，中夏贮清阴。
凯风因时来，回飙开我襟。
息交游闲业，卧起弄书琴。
园蔬有余滋，旧谷犹储今。
营己良有极，过足非所钦。
舂秫作美酒，酒熟吾自斟。
弱子戏我侧，学语未成音。
此事真复乐，聊用忘华簪。
遥遥望白云，怀古一何深！
和郭主簿·其一译文及注释
译文
堂前林木郁葱葱，仲夏积蓄清凉荫。
季候南风阵阵来，旋风吹开我衣襟。
离开官场操闲业，终日读书与弹琴。
园中蔬菜用不尽，往年陈谷存至今。
经营生活总有限，超过需求非所钦。
我自春秫酿美酒，酒熟自斟还自饮。
幼子玩耍在身边，咿哑学语未正音。
生活淳真又欢乐，功名富贵似浮云。
遥望白云去悠悠，深深怀念古圣人。
注释
郭主簿：名字及生平事迹不详。主簿，州县主管薄书一类的官，应当是诗人的朋友。
蔼蔼：茂盛的样子。
中夏：夏季之中。贮（zhù）：储存，积蓄，这里用以形容树荫的茂密浓厚。
凯风：指南风。《尔雅·释天》：“南风谓之凯风。因时：按照季节。
回飙（biāo）：回旋的风。
息交：停止官场中的交往。游：优游。闲业：指书琴等六艺，与仕途“正业”相对而言。
卧起：指夜间和白天。
余：多余，过剩。滋：生长繁殖。
犹储今：还储存至今。
营己：经营自己的生活。良：很。极：极限。
过足：过多。钦：羡慕。
舂：捣掉谷类的壳皮。秫（shú）：即粘高粱。多用以酿酒。
自斟：自饮。斟：往杯中倒酒。
弱子：幼小的儿子。戏：玩耍。
学语未成音：刚学说后，吐字不清。
真：淳真，天真。
聊：暂且。华簪：华贵的发簪。这里比喻华冠，指做官。
白云：代指古时圣人。
怀古：即表示自己欲仿效古时圣人。
一何：多么。
参考资料：
1、郭维森 包景诚．陶渊明集全译．贵阳：贵州人民出版社，1992：89-93
和郭主簿·其一创作背景
此诗作年众说纷纭，逯钦立校注《陶渊明集》根据其《命子》、《责子》二诗推算，系于东晋义熙四年（408年）渊明四十四岁时作，较为可信。
参考资料：
1、吴小如等．汉魏六朝诗鉴赏辞典：上海辞书出版社，1992：495-498
和郭主簿·其一鉴赏
此诗通过对仲夏时节，诗人闲适生活的描述，表达了诗人安贫乐道，恬淡自甘的心境。诗的前四句写景，堂前林木茂盛，所以虽时至仲夏，堂上仍很清凉。南风不时吹来，拂动着我的衣襟。这几句把诗人在炎热的仲夏，坐在阴凉的堂前，悠闲舒适的情态刻画出来。
此诗最大的特点是平淡冲和，意境浑成，令人感到淳真亲切、富有浓郁的生活气息。通篇展现的都是人们习见熟知的日常生活，“情真景真，事真意真。”（陈绎曾《诗谱》）虽如叙家常，然皆一一从胸中流出，毫无矫揉造作的痕迹，因而使人倍感亲切。无论写景、叙事、抒情，都无不紧扣一个“乐”字。你看，堂前夏木荫荫，南风（凯风）清凉习习，这是乡村景物之乐；既无公衙之役，又无车马之喧，杜门谢客，读书弹琴，起卧自由，这是精神生活之乐；园地蔬菜有余，往年存粮犹储，维持生活之需其实有限，够吃即可，过分的富足并非诗人所钦羡，这是物质满足之乐；有粘稻舂捣酿酒，诗人尽可自斟自酌，比起官场玉液琼浆的虚伪应酬，更见淳朴实惠，这是嗜好满足之乐；与妻室儿女团聚，尤其有小儿子不时偎倚嬉戏身边，那呀呀学语的神态，真是天真可爱，这是天伦之乐。有此数乐，即可忘却那些仕宦富贵及其乌烟瘴气，这又是隐逸恬淡之乐。总之，景是乐景，事皆乐事，则情趣之乐不言而喻；这就构成了情景交融，物我浑成的意境。诗人襟怀坦率，无隐避，无虚浮，无夸张，纯以淳朴的真情动人。读者仿佛随着诗人的笔端走进那宁静、清幽的村庄，领略那繁木林荫之下凉风吹襟的惬意，聆听那朗朗的书声和悠然的琴韵，看到小康和谐的农家、自斟自酌的酒翁和那父子嬉戏的乐趣，并体会到诗人那返璞归真、陶然自得的心态。
这首诗用的是白描手法和本色无华的语言。全诗未用典故，不施藻绘，既无比兴对偶，亦未渲染铺张，只用疏淡自然的笔调精炼地勾勒，形象却十分生动鲜明。正如唐顺之所评：“陶彭泽未尝较音律，雕文句，但信手写出，便是宇宙间第一等好诗。何则？其本色高也。”（《答茅鹿门知县》）当然，这种“本色高”，并非率尔脱口而成，乃是千锤百炼之后，落尽芬华，方可归于本色自然。所谓“一语天然万古新，豪华落尽见真淳。”（元好问《论诗绝句》）只有“大匠运斤”，才能无斧凿痕迹。本色无华，并非质木浅陋。试看首二句写景，未用丽词奇语，但着一平常“贮”字，就仿佛仲夏清幽凉爽的林荫下贮存了一瓮清泉，伸手可掬一般，则平淡中有醇味，朴素中见奇趣。又如“卧起弄书琴”，“弄”字本亦寻常，但用在此处，却微妙地写出了那种悠然自得、逍遥无拘的乐趣，而又与上句“闲业”相应。再有，全诗虽未用比兴，几乎都是写实，但从意象上看，那蔼蔼的林荫，清凉的凯风，悠悠的白云，再联系结尾的“怀古”（怀念古人不慕名利的高尚行迹，亦自申己志），不可能与诗人那纯真的品格，坦荡的襟怀，高洁的节操，全无相关、全无象征之类的联系。这正是不工而工的艺术化境之奥妙所在。所以苏轼评陶诗“质而实绮，癯而实腴。”（《与苏辙书》）刘克庄说它“外枯而中膏，似淡而实美。”的系灼见。
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苏轼《
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菩萨蛮·回文夏闺怨》
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陶渊明《
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和郭主簿·其一》
陶渊明简介
唐代·陶渊明的简介
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陶渊明（约365年—427年），字元亮，（又一说名潜，字渊明）号五柳先生，私谥“靖节”，东晋末期南朝宋初期诗人、文学家、辞赋家、散文家。汉族，东晋浔阳柴桑人（今江西九江）。曾做过几年小官，后辞官回家，从此隐居，田园生活是陶渊明诗的主要题材，相关作品有《饮酒》、《归园田居》、《桃花源记》、《五柳先生传》、《归去来兮辞》等。
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吴顺之
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尧舜垂衣明日月，皋夔论道际风云。须知天地生成德，间世真儒辅圣君。
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跋楚老帖
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宋代：
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王庭圭
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佛固不可求，会处岂容说。苦作如是言，为谁略饶舌。