南乡子·好个主人家
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宋代]:辛弃疾
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好个主人家。不问因由便去嗏。病得那人妆晃了,巴巴。系上裙儿稳也哪。
别泪没些些。海誓山盟总是赊。今日新欢须记取,孩儿,更过十年也似他。
南乡子·好个主人家译文及注释
译文
你当初只贪图他家里条件好,不问他这人好坏,你就轻易走进了那人家门,做了妓女。发现“那人”病得不成样子,并且容貌丑陋,而你却系上裙儿,强颜欢笑,暂时把“那人”稳住,等待时机的到来。
你离开旧主人,没有流下一滴眼泪。当初所谓的“海誓山盟”,不过是一套虚无缥缈的骗人的鬼话。你今日另寻新欢时应当汲取以往轻率上当的教训,否则过上十年八年,新欢也必将和“那人”一样丑陋不堪。
注释
嗏(chā):语气助词。
妆晃:谓样子难看。引申为出丑之意。
巴巴:可怜巴巴。
些些:数量,这里指流泪多。
赊:此有渺茫难凭之意。
孩儿,是上对下的通称。
参考资料:
1、朱德才 .增订注释辛弃疾词 :文化艺术出版社 ,1999 :169 .
2、朱德才 薛祥生 邓红梅 .辛弃疾词新释辑评(上册) :中国书店 ,2006 :239-240 .
南乡子·好个主人家鉴赏
这是一首赠妓词。写妓女抛弃旧主,另寻新欢,并就此对其进行批评、规劝。语多嘲讽,诙谐有趣。
全词共分两大部分。前七句为第一部分,写其抛弃旧主人。起首二句写其轻率。不经了解,便一口咬定那人是“好个主人家”,所以“不问因由便去嗏”,走进了那人家门,做了妓女。轻率难免上当受骗,所幸的是此女有处变不惊的本领。故“病得”三句接写其机智。言其发现“那人”病得不成样子,且容貌丑陋,而她却处变不惊,系上裙儿,强颜欢笑,虚与周旋,暂时把“那人”稳住,等待时机的到来。“别泪”二句写其对旧主人毫无感情,即使离去,也不会流下一滴眼泪。所谓“海誓山盟”,不过是一套虚无缥缈的骗人的鬼话,天方夜谭而已。从而揭示此妓的无情无义。“今日”三句为第二部分,写作者对妓女的赠言。谓其应当汲取以往轻率上当的教训,对人不可轻信,这是今日另寻新欢时所必须“记取”的,否则还要上当受骗,过上十年八年,新欢也必将和“那人”一样丑陋不堪。
这首词在艺术风格方面的特点主要是通俗似曲。词中运用了大量的宋元时代的方言俗语,如“嗏”、“妆幌”、“巴巴”、“稳”、“赊”、“孩儿”之类,加上其他一些词语也多取自日常生活中常用的词语,因而形成本词通俗易懂,新鲜活泼的艺术风格。而这类词突破了文人词追求典雅的传统,开后世散曲之先河。
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辛弃疾简介
唐代·辛弃疾的简介
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辛弃疾(1140-1207),南宋词人。原字坦夫,改字幼安,别号稼轩,汉族,历城(今山东济南)人。出生时,中原已为金兵所占。21岁参加抗金义军,不久归南宋。历任湖北、江西、湖南、福建、浙东安抚使等职。一生力主抗金。曾上《美芹十论》与《九议》,条陈战守之策。其词抒写力图恢复国家统一的爱国热情,倾诉壮志难酬的悲愤,对当时执政者的屈辱求和颇多谴责;也有不少吟咏祖国河山的作品。题材广阔又善化用前人典故入词,风格沉雄豪迈又不乏细腻柔媚之处。由于辛弃疾的抗金主张与当政的主和派政见不合,后被弹劾落职,退隐江西带湖。
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