清平乐·上阳春晚
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唐代]：温庭筠
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上阳春晚，宫女愁蛾浅。新岁清平思同辇，争奈长安路远。
凤帐鸳被徒熏，寂寞花琐千门。竞把黄金买赋，为妾将上明君。
清平乐·上阳春晚译文及注释
译文
上阳宫的春色已渐渐晚去，宫女的蛾眉在愁绪里日日暗淡。太平新年的时候，更盼望着能与君王同车而行，怎奈去往长安的路是那样的遥远。
一次次空熏帐帘锦被，千丛花锁锁住了一道道门，也将寂寞深深地锁在了门里。只能像陈皇后黄金买赋呈送给君王，长门里盼望与君王相见。
注释
1.清平乐：原为唐教坊曲名，取用汉乐府“清乐”、“平乐”这两个乐调而命名。后用作词牌名。又名“忆萝月”“醉东风”。《宋史·乐志》入“大石调”，《金奁集》《乐章集》并入“越调”。双调四十六字，上阕四仄韵，下阕三平韵。
2.上阳：唐代宫名，今洛阳市境内。《新唐书·地理志》：“东都上阳宫，在禁苑之东，东接皇城之西南隅，上元中置。”李白《上皇西巡南京歌》：“柳色未饶秦地绿，花光不减上阳红。”
3.愁蛾：带愁的蛾眉。浅：颜色暗淡。
4.新岁：犹新年。清平：世道太平。辇（niǎn）：古时用人力拉的车子，后多用来指皇帝坐的车。《通典·礼典》：“夏后氏末代制辇，秦为人君之乘，汉因之。”《一切经音义》：“古者卿大夫亦乘辇，自汉以来，天子乘之。”
5.争奈：怎奈，怎能奈何，没有办法的意思。长安：唐代君王所住之地，京都。这里说“长安路远”，含义是君王与宫女们的关系疏远。
6.凤帐：织有凤凰花饰的帐子。鸳被：绣有鸳鸯的锦被。徒：空，白白地。熏（xūn）：加热香草、香料使之发烟，以其烟熏制衣被，使衣被染有香气。
7.琐：同“锁”，封闭住。千门：众多宫门。这里指宫殿。
8.“竞把”二句：争着把黄金去买辞赋，请为她呈送给英明的君王。黄金买赋：典出司马相如《长门赋序》：“汉武皇帝陈皇后，时得幸颇妒，别在长门宫，愁闷悲思，闻蜀郡司马相如天下工为文，奉黄金百斤，为相如文君取酒，因于解悲愁之辞，而相如为文以悟主上，陈皇后复得幸。”上，呈上，献上。明君，圣明的君王。
参考资料：
1、赵崇祚编 徐国良注．花间集．武汉：武汉出版社，1995：19
2、邱美琼 胡建次．温庭筠词全集汇校汇注汇评．武汉：崇文书局，2015：77-79
清平乐·上阳春晚鉴赏
此词上阕写的是宫女春晚愁容，以及新的一年给她带来的希望以及失望。“春晚”交代了时节，也暗喻宫女的青春在类似牢狱的深宫里几近消磨殆尽。“愁蛾浅”写女子的蛾眉逐渐变浅，实际上是一种夸张的手法，用来体现宫女的愁之深切。“争（怎）奈”写出了宫女的复杂矛盾的内心挣扎，在希望之后的失望，是一种近乎绝望的心态。
下阕写宫女所处的囚笼一样的环境，以物寄怨，烘托她寂寞、孤独的心态。“徒”字暗示了不知多少次宫女为了君王的亲临做准备，但是每一次都是失望而终，终于因为深切的期盼痴傻成癫，隐含了一种悲切的痛苦。“琐（锁）”字给人一种压抑的感觉，写宫女被封闭在深宫，切断了和外界的联系，锁住了她生命中原本该拥有的那些美好的东西，剩下的只有无尽的期盼、一次次的失望以及深入骨髓的寂寞。最后二句运用汉武帝陈皇后“黄金买赋”的典故，表示宫女的愁苦以及她们的愿望，写她们最后的希望与挣扎。这是在绝望之后新长出来的希望的枝桠，可是竟也不知什么时候才会实现。
词中写可怜女子有幸于君王的相思之愁，在一定意义上寄托了宫女对爱情、幸福和自由的渴望与憧憬，但最终陈皇后那种被汉武帝抛弃的命运无情地降临在她们身上，黄金买赋的悲剧代代重演。词人抓住了宫女天真无知、争宠献媚的心理弱点，对她们身陷囹圄、落入深渊从而致使她们情爱饥渴、人性遭受极度压抑的悲情结局，用白描的手法抒写了出来。作品含而不露，锋芒所向对准了那个纵情声色，致使无数无辜女子青春、爱情甚至生命白白被葬送的“明君圣主”，对封建社会这种吃人的后宫制度进行了揭露与谴责。
全词详略得当，写宫女愁容的部分一笔带过，写心态时则是细腻而婉转，一面是“思同辇”，一面又是“长安路远”，把这种矛盾的心理、痛苦的情感写得栩栩如生。词人对宫女这种希望与失望之间挣扎的描写，也是在构思上与其他宫怨词的不同之处。
此词是词人在承袭白居易的《上阳白发人》、元稹的《宫词》等唐诗中现实主义成分的基础上把宫怨之思搬进了词这种新的文学体式中的一种尝试。他从诗的窠臼中走出来另辟蹊径，拓展了词的意境和题旨，扩大了文学的表现功能，通过句式、音韵的变换表达出多方面的思想情感。这就是文学创新。
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宣宗宫人《
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题红叶》
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孙光宪《
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思帝乡·如何》
温庭筠简介
唐代·温庭筠的简介
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温庭筠（约812—866）唐代诗人、词人。本名岐，字飞卿，太原祁（今山西祁县东南）人。富有天才，文思敏捷，每入试，押官韵，八叉手而成八韵，所以也有“温八叉”之称。然恃才不羁，又好讥刺权贵，多犯忌讳，取憎于时，故屡举进士不第，长被贬抑，终生不得志。官终国子助教。精通音律。工诗，与李商隐齐名，时称“温李”。其诗辞藻华丽，秾艳精致，内容多写闺情。其词艺术成就在晚唐诸词人之上，为“花间派”首要词人，对词的发展影响较大。在词史上，与韦庄齐名，并称“温韦”。存词七十余首。后人辑有《温飞卿集》及《金奁集》。
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石畔葵榴侵客袂，门前杨柳系仙舟。明朝又趁南池胜，李杜遗文好更求。
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答杨银台实夫
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明代：
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周伦
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华省得高彦，道谊端可即。暌违苦炎热，书记每相忆。
因拟翠微寺，侵晨计登陟。适我绊公事，跻马复停勒。