南柯子·池水凝新碧
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宋代]：吴潜
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池水凝新碧，阑花驻老红。有人独立画桥东。手把一枝杨柳、系春风。
鹊绊游丝坠，蜂拈落蕊空。秋千庭院小帘栊。多少闲情闲绪、雨声中。
南柯子·池水凝新碧译文及注释
译文
因春天的到来池水更加碧青，花栏中即将败落的花朵依然挂着残红。她独自站在画桥东，手握一枝杨柳幻想拴住春风。
飘拂的游丝被喜鹊绊落空中，蜜蜂采摘过的花朵如今都已落尽。小窗外、庭院中，她在雨中荡起秋千抒发闲情。
注释
池水凝新碧：因春天的到来，池塘的水渐显碧绿。
老红：即将凋谢的花朵之暗红色。
帘栊：指窗帘。
闲情闲绪：无聊孤寂的情绪。
南柯子·池水凝新碧鉴赏
这首闺情词写闺中女子的惜春之情。词人通过春光中的各种景物描写，表达了一位妙龄女子的惜春之情。这是一个常见主题。在美人惜春的背后，谁又能说这不是表达对光阴、青春的眷恋呢？“池水凝新碧，栏花驻老红”二句，写的是暮春的景色。新雨之后，池水凝碧，花栏内，残红萎顿在枝头。春天已失去了往日的活力。这二句不仅写出阑珊的春意，也传出了人情的不堪和沉抑。下面带出了惜春人，“有人独立画桥东，手把一枝杨柳系春风。”场景从庭院转移到“画桥东”，似乎这女子也禁受不住那小天地的沉闷，走到这“大天地”里来捕捉春光。用杨柳来“系春风”很有情趣。杨柳与春天关系最为密切。在春风中，是它第一个睁开娇眼；在春天离开时，它又以绵绵的飞絮相送。选择杨柳来留春，可以想见这女子有多少柔情。“手把一枝杨柳系春风”，这行动是天真可爱的，然而又是十分美丽的，春风中“十五女儿腰”的柔柳和“独立画桥东”的女子相互映衬，令人陶醉。起二句透出的沉沉春恨，现在已化解了许多。
现在我们所玩味的春愁已注入了不少甜蜜的味道。女主人公的惜春表现在痴情的留春举动上。但春天毕竟是要情然离去的。“鹊绊游丝坠，蜂拈落蕊空。”鹊绊游丝是无意的，蜂拈落蕊是有意的。春天不管人和物的有情与无意，它走了，留下一片空无走了。“秋千庭院小帘栊，多少闲愁闲绪雨声中。”又一次转换回到庭院，天气也由晴和转入风雨。这是一种心情的转换。在从庭院回到小窗之下，女子又要品尝充满愁绪的风雨之声了。雨中秋千富于含蕴，那“秋千”里包含着春光下的几多红情绿意！“秋千”正给读者的联想指示了一个方向，到底还有哪些“闲情闲绪”，读者自可再发挥。“多少闲情闲绪雨声中”，那淅淅沥沥、不绝如缕的雨声正表达了她飘忽不定，玩味不尽的春愁。词以听雨结束，饶有余味。
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李贺《
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难忘曲》
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吴潜《
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南柯子·池水凝新碧》
吴潜简介
唐代·吴潜的简介
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吴潜（1195—1262） 字毅夫，号履斋，宣州宁国（今属安徽）人。宁宗嘉定十年（1217）举进士第一，授承事郎，迁江东安抚留守。理宗淳祐十一年（1251）为参知政事，拜右丞相兼枢密使，封崇国公。次年罢相，开庆元年（1259）元兵南侵攻鄂州，被任为左丞相，封庆国公，后改许国公。被贾似道等人排挤，罢相，谪建昌军，徙潮州、循州。与姜夔、吴文英等交往，但词风却更近于辛弃疾。其词多抒发济时忧国的抱负与报国无门的悲愤。格调沉郁，感慨特深。著有《履斋遗集》，词集有《履斋诗余》。
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