玉楼春·空园数日无芳信
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清代]：吴翌凤
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空园数日无芳信，恻恻残寒犹未定。柳边丝雨燕归迟，花外小楼帘影静。
凭栏渐觉春光暝，怅望碧天帆去尽。满堤芳草不成归，斜日画桥烟水冷。
玉楼春·空园数日无芳信译文及注释
译文
空寂的园里几天不见春的音信，令人悲伤的春寒还没有停。柳树边下着如丝的冷雨，使燕子归来得很迟，花旁的小楼上，静静地垂着帘影。
凭依栏杆渐觉已到黄昏，我帐然地举目远望，只见碧空下消逝了帆影。芳草长满了长堤，我却欲归不成；只见夕阳斜照画桥，烟雾笼罩水面一片凄冷。
注释
玉楼春：词牌名，亦称“木兰花”、“春晓曲”、“西湖曲”、“惜春容”、“归朝欢令”等。
空园：荒园，闲弃的庭院。芳信：春天的信息。芳，泛指花草。
恻恻：本是悲伤的样子。这里指独自伤神。残寒：这里指春寒。定：止，停。
丝雨：如丝般的细雨。迟：缓，慢。
花外：花丛畔。帘影：这里指人在窗前被竹帘所隔的身影。
凭阑，亦作“凭栏”，倚着栏杆。暝：日暮，傍晚。
怅望碧天帆去尽：化用李白《送孟浩然之广陵》中“孤帆远影碧空尽，唯见长江天际流”句意。
满堤芳草不成归：化用淮南小山《招隐士》中“王孙游兮不归，芳草生兮萋萋”句。堤（dī），同“堤”，岸堤。
画桥：雕饰华丽的桥梁。烟水：雾霭迷蒙的水面。
参考资料：
1、徐寒主编．《历代古词鉴赏（下）》：中国书店，2011.06：第685-686页
2、高阳里评注．《花笺春心：婉约集》：中国青年出版社，1997年11月第1版：第424页
3、潘天宁辑注译析．《千家词》：中州古籍出版社，2015.03：第316-317页
4、弓保安著．《清词三百首今译》：陕西人民出版社，1992年06月第1版：第388-389页
玉楼春·空园数日无芳信创作背景
作者吴翌凤长年在外为人作幕客，或以教书为生，老归乡里（江苏吴县），以著书奉母度日。这首词是归乡前抒发对故园的怀念之情。
参考资料：
1、潘天宁辑注译析．《千家词》：中州古籍出版社，2015.03：第316-317页
玉楼春·空园数日无芳信鉴赏
该词是一首写伤春、思归的作品。词中蕴含着无限伤感，流露出作者满腹辛酸，这与词人仕途乖蹇，长期流落异乡是分不开的。
全词以写景为主，寓情于春日景物的描绘之中。开篇二句，写初春景物和词人的感受。“空园数日无芳信，恻恻残寒犹未定。”严冬刚过，园中花草尚无萌发的动静，所以说“无芳信”。第二句是写作者的感受，“恻恻”是悲痛之意，“残寒犹未定”是悲痛的缘由，“犹”字隐隐显露出词人盼春心切，对眼前的时令气候厌倦不满之意。“柳边丝雨燕归迟，花外小楼帘影静。”但是，柳树吐丝、春雨蒙蒙、燕子归迟等等都预示着春天已经来临。此时词人应该心情舒畅了，但事实又不是那样，“帘影静”的一个“静”字，说明那深居楼中的人并无心欣赏春景春色，帘影不动，气氛显得格外沉闷寂静，含蓄地道出楼中人，或者就是作者自己忧心忡忡，似乎有难言的苦衷。
下片写暮春景色，在景物描写中表现出词人心绪不佳的原因。“凭阑渐觉春光暝，怅望碧天帆去尽。”这二句写动作、感觉，情在其中。凭栏眺望，惆怅的情绪涌上心头，春光流逝，孤帆远去，更触动了词人的心思，“满堤芳草不成归”，已是绿草如茵的深春，久居异乡，不能“成归”，这句与前句“怅望”相承，与首联“恻恻”相呼应，道出了词人“伤春”的原因，就是“思归”。尾句“斜日画桥烟水冷”，勾勒了一幅清淡孤冷的画面，与“满堤芳草”映衬，进一步烘托词人因“思归”而苦恼万分的悲凉心绪。
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吴翌凤简介
唐代·吴翌凤的简介
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吴翌凤（1742～1819）清著名藏书家。字伊仲，号枚庵、一作眉庵，别号古欢堂主人，初名凤鸣，祖籍安徽休宁，侨居吴郡槐树街（今苏州），藏书家吴铨后裔。所著《逊志堂杂抄》10卷，系其读史笔记，内容多方涉及历代藏书、刻书史实，足资研究藏书史参考。另著有《怀旧集》20卷、《卯须集》20卷、《吴梅村诗集笺注》20卷、《与稽斋丛稿》31卷、《东窗丛录》5卷等。辑有《国朝文征》40卷。
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