清平乐·夏日游湖
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宋代]:朱淑真
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恼烟撩露,留我须臾住。携手藕花湖上路,一霎黄梅细雨。
娇痴不怕人猜,随群暂遣愁怀。最是分携时候,归来懒傍妆台。
清平乐·夏日游湖译文及注释
译文
夏日的西湖,苍青翠绿的湖光山色,烟萦雾绕撩惹人驻足。与恋人携手漫步在荷花盛开的湖畔小路,一瞬间洒下一阵黄梅细雨。
娇痴的情怀不怕人度猜,我和衣睡倒在他的胸怀。最是分手的时候,依依不舍流连徘徊,归来陷人愁苦的深渊,懒得走近那梳妆台。
注释
清平乐:词牌名,又名“清平乐令”“醉东风”“忆萝月”,双调四十六字,八句,前片四仄韵,后片三平韵。
恼烟撩露:恼人的烟雾,撩拨人的水露。欧阳修《少年游》:“恼烟撩雾,拚醉倚西风。”
须臾:片刻。
藕花:荷花。
一霎:一会儿。
猜:指责、议论。
分携:分手。
妆台:梳妆台。
睡倒人怀:即拥抱伏枕于恋人肩上。
参考资料:
1、刘敬圻,诸葛忆兵著.宋代女词人词传 李清照、朱淑真等:吉林人民出版社,1999:第157页
2、天人主编.唐宋词名篇鉴赏 第3册:内蒙古人民出版社,2006.05:第343页
3、郑在瀛 张声启主编.《中国历代爱情诗萃》:武汉大学出版社,2003年01月第1版:第377页
清平乐·夏日游湖创作背景
朱淑真生活南宋程朱理学开始流行的社会,作者主动“休夫”,休夫回到娘家后。在娘家住了一段时间后,朱淑真再一次邂逅了少女时代的情人,并勇敢地与他重续前缘。她瞒着父母与情人有过几次来往,每一次都有诗词记载他们相处的过程,《清平乐·夏日游湖》就是其中一首。
参考资料:
1、乐琴书著.人间锦书,雁字无回 中国历代女才子的红尘绝唱:中国华侨出版社,2014.08:第126页
清平乐·夏日游湖鉴赏
这首词是一篇叙事言情之作。是在记叙一次与恋人携手游湖的真实经历,同时刻画了一个感情生活异常愉快的少女形象。
词的一开头道出了游湖的时间,是夏日的清晨,如烟一般朦胧的雾气和晶莹剔透的露球将消未消之时,作者用了一个“恼”字,一个“撩”字,便为“留我须臾住”找到了理由,呆了一会儿,才携手走上满开荷花的湖堤。一霎时工夫黄梅细雨下起来了。这种情景在江南的五六月间黄梅成熟季节是常见的景象,这时游湖。烟雨茫茫,格外增添一份朦胧的情趣。
词的下片是写躲避细雨和作者当时的心态。“娇痴不怕人猜”转得好,朱淑真自是朱淑真。这里需要说明的是“和衣睡倒人怀”六字,原作“随群暂遣愁怀”,是根据四印斋本校改的,因为上片有“留我须爽住,携手藕花湖上路”,上句又有“娇痴不怕人猜”故改作“和衣睡倒人怀’’才相应,如果是“随群暂遣愁怀”便不好解释了。在黄梅雨降下之时,他们或许是躲避在树荫下,她的娇憨之态不怕别人猜度,干脆不解衣服睡倒在他的怀抱里。最令人难忘的是分手时的情景,待她回到自己家里之后,不想急忙去靠近梳妆台看自己的模样。真是千情百态,描绘尽致,沈际飞《批点草堂诗余四集》续集卷上选收此词时,将其与《地驱乐歌》相比较,那是一首刻画人物形象栩栩如生的民歌:“枕郎左臂,随郎转侧,摩捋郎须,看郎颜色。”这是一位较为成熟的女性形象,不比此词所写两小无猜更有趣味。
通过对此词的欣赏,似乎更加理解作者婚后之孤独生活带给她的苦闷,对她来说是怎样的一种折磨,难怪她“独对孤灯恨气高”(《闷怀》)。
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周密《
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四字令·拟花间》
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佚名《
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清平乐令·帘卷曲阑独倚》
朱淑真简介
唐代·朱淑真的简介
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朱淑真(约1135~约1180),号幽栖居士,宋代女诗人,亦为唐宋以来留存作品最丰盛的女作家之一。南宋初年时在世,祖籍歙州(治今安徽歙县),《四库全书》中定其为“浙中海宁人”,一说浙江钱塘(今浙江杭州)人。生于仕宦之家。夫为文法小吏,因志趣不合,夫妻不睦,终致其抑郁早逝。又传淑真过世后,父母将其生前文稿付之一炬。其余生平不可考,素无定论。现存《断肠诗集》、《断肠词》传世,为劫后余篇。
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