更漏子·本意
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明代]：王夫之
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斜月横，疏星炯。不道秋宵真永。声缓缓，滴泠泠。双眸未易扃。
霜叶坠，幽虫絮，薄酒何曾得醉。天下事，少年心。分明点点深。
更漏子·本意译文及注释
译文
一轮弯月挂在西边，稀疏的星星闪烁着明亮的光，可是秋夜却显得格外漫长。漏壶滴水的声音回荡在耳边，使人难以入睡。
下了霜的叶子弯了下来，幽暗角落的虫子在鸣叫，秋天的一切都是显得如此悲凉，薄酒一杯，怎么能解我心中愁？满腔热血地想要为国效力，却始终不能如愿。天下大事，儿女情长，只能深埋在心中。
注释
炯（jiǒng）：明亮。
永：漫长。
滴泠（líng）泠（líng）：指漏壶滴水之声。
扃（jiōng）：门上钮环，喻闭门，引申为闭眼。
幽：阴暗的角落
絮（xù）：鸣叫
薄：少许。
参考资料：
1、巨传友．清代临桂词派研究．上海：上海古籍出版社，2008：100-101页
更漏子·本意创作背景
明朝灭亡后，王夫之在家乡衡阳抗击清兵，失败后，隐居石船山，从事思想方面的著述。晚年身体不好，生活又贫困，写作时连纸笔都要靠朋友周济。王夫之每天都在写文章，以至于磨砚，提笔都觉得费力。王夫之感到报国无门，内心感觉非常悲凉，便把内心的苦楚宣泄在文学作品中。
参考资料：
1、叶嘉莹．清代名家词选讲．北京：北京大学出版社，2007年：26-28页
2、张九钺．陶园诗文集．湖南：岳麓书社，2013年：19-20页
更漏子·本意鉴赏
“斜月横，疏星炯”是环境描写，烘托出悲凉的氛围，也为下文作铺垫。有漏壶滴水声、霜叶坠落声和秋虫的鸣叫声。衬托秋夜的漫长和寂静，借以表达作者内心的孤寂难平。表达了忧国忧民之情。“双眸未易扃”则可以看出此时作者的状态是心绪不宁，难以入睡的。“双眸未易扃”与“不道秋宵真永”前后呼应，正是作者彻夜难眠，才感到秋夜漫长。
结构上，承上启下，与上文的外在环境的凄清相应和，为下文抒壮志未酬和忧国忧民之情作铺垫。
“薄酒何曾得醉！”这句话是定语后置句，词人借酒消愁，却不能醉。原因在于他心忧天下。通过“天下事，少年心，分明点点深”这些诗句，表达了忧国忧民情，表达了反清复明壮志未酬之情。通过“薄酒何曾得醉”可以看出词人愁之重、深。
全词格式工整对仗，上片写景，下片言志。作者秋宵长夜难眠，以酒求醉、求眠不得，其根本原因在于忧国忧民的情怀，作者借“更漏”以抒情怀。本词中写长夜不能入睡，为更漏声所恼。末三句感怀家国身世，更觉情意深挚，含蕴不尽。
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王夫之简介
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王夫之（1619年10月7日－1692年2月18日），字而农，号姜斋、又号夕堂，湖广衡州府衡阳县（今湖南衡阳）人。他与顾炎武、黄宗羲并称明清之际三大思想家。其著有《周易外传》、《黄书》、《尚书引义》、《永历实录》、《春秋世论》、《噩梦》、《读通鉴论》、《宋论》等书。王夫之自幼跟随自己的父兄读书，青年时期王夫之积极参加反清起义，晚年王夫之隐居于石船山，著书立传，自署船山病叟、南岳遗民，学者遂称之为船山先生。
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