菩萨蛮·水晶帘外娟娟月
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明代]：杨基
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花月两模糊，隔窗看欲无。
花也笑姮娥，让他春色多。
菩萨蛮·水晶帘外娟娟月鉴赏
这是一阕以机趣见巧的小词。似若咏物，实系喻理。其所表现的“理”，初一读再也简单不过，梨花在与皎月争胜斗艳。上片说因为有月光，雪样白的梨花被淹化了，分不清“花月”。诚然，这也可谓以月色比衬花容。下片推过一层，在无月的黑夜，梨花的堪称“花容月貌”的冷艳之色全显，那可就独占了“春色”了。细一想，有了上片月色相比，那“花月两模糊”之“模糊”其实已写足了梨花之洁白，则不必再赘述“今夜黑”之背景衬托。这种“让他春色多”的虚荣好胜心性仿佛有点病态。再往里想，不免悲哀，杨基似乎傻气十足地在“笑姮娥”，“让他”独占春色，自我表现，其实是在讲：不是“花”太白，那是因为“夜”太黑。这很惊悚。表现才华，逞露个性，不一定得在夜色如墨的背景前。在黑夜中多几分春色，难说就值得骄傲。不必深究词人是否有意“寄托”，也许他在逞才炫巧。但即使如此，词在客观效果上表述了与“疾风知劲草”相类的命题，只是“劲草”悲壮，“梨花”则悲苦味浓。
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赵佶《
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燕山亭·北行见杏花》
杨基简介
唐代·杨基的简介
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杨基（1326～1378）元末明初诗人。字孟载，号眉庵。原籍嘉州（今四川乐山），大父仕江左，遂家吴中（今浙江湖州），“吴中四杰”之一。元末，曾入张士诚幕府，为丞相府记室，后辞去。明初为荥阳知县，累官至山西按察使，后被谗夺官，罚服劳役。死于工所。杨基诗风清俊纤巧，其中五言律诗《岳阳楼》境界开阔，时人称杨基为“五言射雕手”。少时曾著《论鉴》十万余言。又于杨维桢席上赋《铁笛》诗，当时维桢已成名流，对杨基倍加称赏：“吾意诗境荒矣，今当让子一头地。”杨基与高启、张羽、徐贲为诗友，时人称为“吴中四杰”。
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意亦心所至，言须耳所闻。
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东风艳艳桃李松，花园春入屠酥浓。龙脑透缕鲛绡红，鸳鸯十二罗芙蓉。
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