青门饮·寄宠人
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宋代]：时彦
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胡马嘶风，汉旗翻雪，彤云又吐，一竿残照。古木连空，乱山无数，行尽暮沙衰草。星斗横幽馆，夜无眠、灯花空老。雾浓香鸭，冰凝泪烛，霜天难晓。
长记小妆才了，一杯未尽，离怀多少。醉里秋波，梦中朝雨，都是醒时烦恼。料有牵情处，忍思量、耳边曾道。甚时跃马归来，认得迎门轻笑。
青门饮·寄宠人译文及注释
译文
北方的骏马迎着烈风嘶叫，大宋的旗帜在雪花里翻搅，黄昏时天边又吐出一片红艳的晚霞，夕阳从一竿高的地平线低低地投射着残照。苍老的枯林连接着天空，无数的山峦重叠耸峭，暮色中走遍漫漫平沙处处皆衰草。幽静的馆舍上星斗横斜，无眠的夜实在难熬。灯芯凝结出残花，相思徒劳。鸭形的熏炉里香雾浓郁缭绕，蜡烛淌泪像冰水凝晶，夜色沉沉总难见霜天破晓。
总记得淡淡梳妆才完了，别宴上杯酒尚未饮尽，已引得离情翻涌如潮。醉里的秋波顾盼，梦中的幽欢蜜爱，醒来时都是烦恼。算来更有牵惹情怀处，怎忍细思量、她附在耳边的情话悄悄：“啥时能跃马归来，还能认得迎门的轻柔欢笑！”
注释
汉旗：代指宋朝的旗帜。
彤云：红云，此指风雪前密布的浓云。
香鸭：鸭形香炉。
老：残。
小妆：犹淡妆。
秋波：形容美人秀目顾盼如秋水澄波。
《青门饮》，词调名，始见于时彦、秦观词。
青门饮·寄宠人鉴赏
此词为作者远役怀人之作。词的上篇纯写境界，描绘作者旅途所历北国风光，下篇展示回忆，突出离别一幕，着力刻绘伊人形象。
本词上片开始几句，作者将亲身经历的边地旅途情景，用概括而简练的字句再现出来。“胡马”两句，写风雪交加，呼啸的北风声中，夹杂着胡马的长嘶，真是“胡马依北风”，使人意识到这里已离边境不远。抬头而望，“汉旗”，也即宋朝的大旗，却正随着纷飞的雪花翻舞，车马就风雪之中行进。“彤云”两句，写气候变化多端。正行进间，风雪逐渐停息，西天晚霞似火，夕阳即将西沉。“一竿残照”，是形容残日离地平线很近。借着夕阳余晕，只见一片广阔荒寒的景象，老树枯枝纵横，山峦错杂堆叠；行行重行行，暮色沉沉，唯有近处的平沙衰草，尚可辨认。
“星斗”以下，写投宿以后夜间情景。从凝望室外星斗横斜的夜空，到听任室内灯芯延烧聚结似花，还有鸭形熏炉不断散放香雾，烛泪滴凝成冰，都是用来衬托出长夜漫漫，作者沉浸思念之中，整宵难以入睡的相思之情。
下片用生活化的语言和委婉曲折的笔触勾勒出那位“宠人”的形象。离情别意，本来是词中经常出现的内容，而且以直接描写为多，作者却另辟蹊径，以“宠人”的各种表情和动态来反映或曲折地表达不忍分离的心情。
“长记”三句，写别离前夕，她浅施粉黛、装束淡雅，饯别宴上想借酒浇愁，却是稍饮即醉。“醉里”三句，写醉后神情，由秋波频盼而终于入梦，然而这却只能增添醒后惜别的烦恼，真可说是“借酒浇愁愁更愁”了。这里刻画因伤离而出现的姿态神情，都是运用白描和口语，显得宛转生动，而人物内心活动却从中曲曲道出。
结尾四句，是作者继续回想别时难舍难分的情况，其中最牵惹他的情思，就是她上前附耳小语的神态。这里不用一般篇末别后思念的写法，而以对方望归的迫切心理和重逢之时的喜悦心情作为结束。耳语的内容是问他何时能跃马归来，是关心和期待，从而使想见对方迎接时愉悦的笑容，于是作者进一层展开一幅重逢之时的欢乐场面，并以充满着期待和喜悦的心情总收全篇。
这首词写境悲凉，抒情深挚，语言疏密相间，密处凝炼生动，疏处形象真切。词中写景写事笔墨甚多，直接言情之处甚少。作者将抒情融入叙写景事之中，以细腻深婉的情思深深地感染读者。
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上一首：
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吴潜《
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江城子·示表侄刘国华》
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下一首：
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谢逸《
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江神子·杏花村馆酒旗风》
时彦简介
唐代·时彦的简介
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时彦（？—1107），字邦彦，河南开封（今河南开封）人。宋神宗元丰二年（1079）己未科状元。存词仅一首。
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