阮郎归·旧香残粉似当初
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宋代]：晏几道
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旧香残粉似当初。人情恨不如。一春犹有数行书。秋来书更疏。
衾凤冷，枕鸳孤。愁肠待酒舒。梦魂纵有也成虚。那堪和梦无。
阮郎归·旧香残粉似当初译文及注释
译文
旧日用残的香粉芳馥似当初，人儿的情意淡了反恨不如。一个春天还寄来几行书信，到了秋天书信越见稀疏。
绣凤被儿冷，鸳鸯枕儿孤，郁郁愁肠只待酒来宽舒。梦魂儿纵然有相逢把晤也成虚无，怎忍受连想做个虚幻的梦儿也无路。
注释
阮郎归：词牌名。
旧香残粉：指旧日残剩的香粉。香粉，女性化妆用品。
疏：稀少。
衾凤：绣有凤凰图纹的彩被。
枕鸳：绣有鸳鸯图案的枕头。
舒：宽解，舒畅。
和：连。
阮郎归·旧香残粉似当初鉴赏
此词抒写的是居者思行者的情怀，但它同其他同类主题的作品比较，在技巧上自有特色。作者在词中运用层层开剥的手法，把人物面对的情感矛盾逐步推上尖端，推向绝境，从而展示了人生当中不可解脱的一种深沉的痛苦。
上片起首两句将物与人比照起来写，意谓往昔所用香粉虽给人以残旧之感，但物仍故物，香犹故香，而离去之人的感情，却经不起空间与时间考验，逐渐淡薄，今不如昔了。上片歇拍两句，是上两句的补充和延伸，举出人不如物、今不如昔的事实，那就是行人春天初去时还有几行书信寄来，到了秋天，书信越来越稀少了。上片四句，即物思人，感昔伤今，抒写了女主人公对行者薄情的满腔怨恨。词的下片转而叙述女主人公夜间的愁思，抒写其处境的凄凉、相思的痛苦。
过片两句，写词中人的情感体验，赋予客观的物象——衾与枕以女主人公清冷、孤寂的主观情感，将女主人公的内心感受渲染得淋漓尽致。这里写衾与枕而着眼于凤与鸳，还有其象征意义，是词中人因见衾、枕上绣的凤凰、鸳鸯而想到情侣的分离，以凤凰失侣、鸳鸯成单，来暗示自己的处境已经物是人非、今非昔比了。“愁肠”一句，是其人在愁肠百结之际希冀在酒醉中求得暂时的解脱，这是她可能找到的唯一消愁的办法。但这里只说“待酒舒”，未必真入醉乡，而酒也未必真能舒愁。联系下两句看，其愁肠不仅未舒，更可能徒然加重相思之情和幽怨愁恨。
下片前三句写衾冷枕孤，遣愁无计，应是入夜后、就寝前的感触。结拍两句，写一觉醒来时的空虚和惆怅。既然人已成各，今已非昨，而又往事难忘，后会难期，那就只有在入睡之际，寄希望于梦中与相思之人重温旧情了。尽管梦境幻而非真，虚而非实，梦回后反而会令人惘然若失。但梦里倘能相见，总也聊胜于无。可是，最可悲的是，夜来空有相思，竟难成梦，连这一点片刻的虚幻的慰藉也得不到，就更令人难以为怀了。这结拍两句是翻进一层、层层逼进的写法。上句说已看穿了梦境的虚幻，似乎有梦无梦都无所谓，绝望之情已跃然纸上，而下句一转，把词意又推进一层。从下句再回过来看上句，才知上句是衬垫和加重下一句的，也可以说是未发先敛，欲擒故纵，从而形成跌宕，显示波澜。这种写法，有一波三折、一唱三叹、荡气回肠之妙。
冯煦在《六十一家选例言》中说：“淮海、小山，古之伤心人也。其语皆有味，浅语皆有致。”此词即堪称用语浅淡，味致深浓。作者在词中采用层层深入、步步紧迫的手法，将思忆之情、怨恨之痛抒发到无可回旋的地步，使人产生异样的黯然情绪，收到了很好的艺术效果。
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晏几道（1030-1106，一说1038—1110 ，一说1038-1112），男，汉族，字叔原，号小山，著名词人，抚州临川文港沙河（今属江西省南昌市进贤县）人。晏殊第七子。历任颍昌府许田镇监、乾宁军通判、开封府判官等。性孤傲，晚年家境中落。词风哀感缠绵、清壮顿挫。一般讲到北宋词人时，称晏殊为大晏，称晏几道为小晏。《雪浪斋日记》云：“晏叔原工小词，不愧六朝宫掖体。”如《鹧鸪天》中的“舞低杨柳楼心月，歌尽桃花扇底风”等等词句，备受人们的赞赏。
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